ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2008
Rituximab as a therapeutic tool in severe mixed cryoglobulinemia.
Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rational approach to the prescription of anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis: a product leaflet-based strategy in Italy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Rituximab in cryoglobulinemic peripheral neuropathy.Journal of neurology · 2009Trial
- Recurrent localized fever caused by cryoglobulinemic vasculitis following hemodialysis: A case report.CEN case reports · 2025Article
- Extrahepatic Manifestations of Chronic HBV Infection and the Role of Antiviral Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Non HCV-Related Mixed Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis With Biopsy-Proven Renal Involvement: The Effects of Rituximab.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Treatment of chronic hepatitis C-associated cryoglobulinemia vasculitis at the era of direct-acting antivirals.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2020Review
- KDIGO 2018 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hepatitis C in Chronic Kidney Disease.Kidney international supplements · 2018Article
- Advances in HCV and Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis in the Era of DAAs: Are We at the End of the Road?Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology · 2018Review
- Review
- Treatment of hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia with direct-acting antiviral agents.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2016Article
- Rituximab therapy for primary glomerulonephritis: Report on two cases.World journal of clinical cases · 2015Article
- Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia type III with leukocytoclastic vasculitis: remission by rituximab.Clinical rheumatology · 2013Article
- Successful treatment of cryoglobulinaemia with rituximab.Case reports in nephrology and urology · 2012Article
- Hepatitis C virus, cryoglobulinemia, and kidney: novel evidence.Scientifica · 2012Review
- Rituximab in cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis, evidence for its effectivity: a case report and review of literature.Clinical rheumatology · 2011Review
- Biologic agents in systemic vasculitis.International journal of clinical rheumatology · 2011Article
- An interesting rash: leucocytoclastic vasculitis with type 2 cryoglobulinaemia.JRSM short reports · 2010Article
- A case of severe acute hepatitis C and delayed antibody production due to rituximab therapy.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2010Article
- Whither autoimmunity: the lessons of anti-CCP and B cell depletion.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) is a systemic vasculitis, associated in most cases with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, sustained by proliferation of oligoclonal cells. Systemic B cell depletion and clinical remission can be achieved in non-Hodgkin lymphoma by human/mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that specifically reacts with the CD20 antigen (rituximab). Similar effects could be expected in type II MC. Twelve patients, mean age 61.9 years (range 37-76), 11 with HCV infection genotype 2a2c (4 cases) or 1b (6 cases) and 3 (1 case) and symptomatic type II MC with systemic manifestations, including renal involvement, marrow clonal restriction, large necrotizing ulcers, and polyneuropathy, were considered eligible for rituximab therapy because of resistance or intolerance to conventional therapy or important bone marrow infiltration. Rituximab was administered intravenously at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Two more doses were administered 1 and 2 months later. No other immunosuppressive drugs were added. Response was evaluated by assessing the changes in clinical signs, symptoms, and laboratory parameters. Levels of proteinuria, hematuria, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, cryocrit, rheumatoid factor, and IgM decreased while C4 values increased and HCV viral load remained stable during short- and medium-term observation. Bone marrow abnormalities were found to reverse to normal. Constitutional symptoms disappeared or ameliorated. No acute or delayed side effects were seen. Based on this experience and a number of reports published in the last 5 years, Rituximab appears to be a safe and effective therapeutic option in symptomatic patients with HCV-associated MC with signs of systemic vasculitis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.