ReviewMolecular psychiatry2008
Are some cases of psychosis caused by microbial agents? A review of the evidence.
Review in Molecular psychiatry, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 324 citations in OpenAlex.
- Country of birth and hospital treatment for psychosis in New South Wales.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2013Pooled it
- Prenatal maternal infection, neurodevelopment and adult schizophrenia: a systematic review of population-based studies.Psychological medicine · 2013Pooled it
- Stratification and prediction of remission in first-episode psychosis patients: the OPTiMiSE cohort study.Translational psychiatry · 2019Trial
- Trimethoprim as adjuvant treatment in schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2010Trial
- Dissecting the genetic relationship between severe mental disorders and autoimmune diseases.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- CD163+ perivascular macrophages in schizophrenia: a research framework for testing macrophage-related mechanisms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Molecular Mimicry BetweenInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Immune/Inflammatory Underpinnings of Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Unravelling the Viral Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Recapitulation and reversal of neuropsychiatric phenotypes in a mouse model of human endogenous retrovirus type W expression.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Involvement of virus infections and antiviral agents in schizophrenia.Psychological medicine · 2025Review
- Diseases Caused by and Behaviors Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Pathophysiological Underpinnings of Gamma-Band Alterations in Psychiatric Disorders.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Serum autoantibodies against α7-nicotinic receptors in subgroups of patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia: clinical features and link with peripheral inflammation.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- ChronicLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Secrets and lies of host-microbial interactions: MHC restriction and trans-regulation of T cell trafficking conceal the role of microbial agents on the edge between health and multifactorial/complex diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Association BetweenJournal of parasitology research · 2024Article
- Natural killer (NK) cells in bipolar disorders.Neuroscience applied · 2024Review
- Viral infections in etiology of mental disorders: a broad analysis of cytokine profile similarities - a narrative review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Psychosis Caused by a Somatic Condition: How to Make the Diagnosis? A Systematic Literature Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The infectious theory of psychosis, prominent early in the twentieth century, has recently received renewed scientific support. Evidence has accumulated that schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are complex diseases in which many predisposing genes interact with one or more environmental agents to cause symptoms. The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii and cytomegalovirus are discussed as examples of infectious agents that have been linked to schizophrenia and in which genes and infectious agents interact. Such infections may occur early in life and are thus consistent with neurodevelopmental as well as genetic theories of psychosis. The outstanding questions regarding infectious theories concern timing and causality. Attempts are underway to address the former by examining sera of individuals prior to the onset of illness and to address the latter by using antiinfective medications to treat individuals with psychosis. The identification of infectious agents associated with the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia might lead to new methods for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this disorder.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.