ReviewIntensive care medicine2008
The role of proteoglycans in pulmonary edema development.
Review in Intensive care medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 in comorbid chronic diseased patients, pregnant and lactating women: pathophysiology, available drug treatment, and the most suitable protocol regimen in each group.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Plasma Heparan Sulfate Structural Variation and Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Research square · 2026Article
- The Thoracic Lymphatic Vasculature: Interorgan Strategies to Achieve an Optimal Tissue Function.Comprehensive Physiology · 2026Review
- Physiology and Molecular Mechanisms of the "Third Fluid Space".Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Time-dependent material properties and composition of the nonhuman primate uterine layers through gestation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Time-Dependent Material Properties and Composition of the Nonhuman Primate Uterine Layers Through Gestation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation Patterns in Sepsis-Associated Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Single Center Retrospective Observational Study.Journal of intensive care medicine · 2024Observational
- Modelling lung diffusion-perfusion limitation in mechanically ventilated SARS-CoV-2 patients.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Exhaled Aldehydes as Biomarkers for Lung Diseases: A Narrative Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Immunomodulatory role of metalloproteases in cancers: Current progress and future trends.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Pulmonary Edema in COVID-19 Patients: Mechanisms and Treatment Potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Hyaluronan Regulates Eyelid and Meibomian Gland Morphogenesis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2018Article
- Endothelial glycocalyx degradation is more severe in patients with non-pulmonary sepsis compared to pulmonary sepsis and associates with risk of ARDS and other organ dysfunction.Annals of intensive care · 2017Article
- Prevention of sinonasal inflammation by a synthetic glycosaminoglycan.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2017Article
- LL-37 causes cell death of human nasal epithelial cells, which is inhibited with a synthetic glycosaminoglycan.PloS one · 2017Article
- Heparan Sulfate in the Developing, Healthy, and Injured Lung.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2016Review
- Endothelial and Microcirculatory Function and Dysfunction in Sepsis.Clinics in chest medicine · 2016Review
- Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells suppress host rejection: the role of the glycocalyx.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- TSG-6 protein is crucial for the development of pulmonary hyaluronan deposition, eosinophilia, and airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine model of asthma.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
- Straining to make mechanical ventilation safe and simple.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pulmonary gas exchange critically depends upon the hydration state and the thinness of the interstitial tissue layer within the alveolo-capillary membrane. In the interstitium, fluid freely moving within the fibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) equilibrates with water chemically bound to hyaluronic acid and proteoglycans (PGs). The dynamic equilibrium between these two phases is set and maintained by the transendothelial fluid and solutes exchanges, by the convective outflows into the lymphatic system, and by the mechanical and hydrophilic properties of the solid elements of the ECM. The fibrous ECM components, in particular the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CS-PG) and the heparan-sulfate proteoglycan (HS-PG) families, play a major role in the maintenance of tissue fluid homeostasis. In fact, they provide: (a) a perivascular and interstitial highly restrictive sieve with respect to plasma proteins, thus modulating both interstitial protein concentration and transendothelial fluid filtration; (b) a mechanical support to lymphatic vessels sustaining and modulating their draining function, and (c) a rigid three-dimensional low-compliant scaffold opposing fluid accumulation into the interstitial space. Fragmentation of PG induced by increased plasma volume, by degradation through proteolytic or inflammatory agents, by exposure to inspiratory gas mixture with modified oxygen fraction, or by increased tissue strain/stress invariably results in the progressive loosening of PG intermolecular bonds with other ECM components. The loss of the PGs regulatory functions compromises the protective role of the tissue solid matrix progressively leading to interstitial and eventually severe lung edema.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.