ArticleAnnals of botany2008
Apple dwarfing rootstocks and interstocks affect the type of growth units produced during the annual growth cycle: precocious transition to flowering affects the composition and vigour of annual shoots.
Article in Annals of botany, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acceleration of flowering in woody plants by grafting.Plant cell reports · 2026Review
- Flowering pathway genes: key targets for accelerated breeding in woody plants.Plant cell reports · 2025Review
- Modern and historical uses of plant grafting to engineer development, stress tolerance, chimeras, and hybrids.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Review
- Genome sequencing of 'Fuji' apple clonal varieties reveals genetic mechanism of the spur-type morphology.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Dwarfism mechanism in Malus clonal rootstocks.Planta · 2024Review
- Article
- Near-gapless and haplotype-resolved apple genomes provide insights into the genetic basis of rootstock-induced dwarfing.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- Comparative Transcriptomic and Physiological Analyses Reveal Key Factors for Interstocks to Improve Grafted Seedling Growth in Tangor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Transcriptome Analysis of the Effects of Grafting Interstocks on Apple Rootstocks and Scions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Genome-wide alternative polyadenylation dynamics underlying plant growth retardant-induced dwarfing of pomegranate.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- A Mini Review of Citrus Rootstocks and Their Role in High-Density Orchards.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Relationships between trunk radial growth and fruit yield in apple and pear trees on size-controlling rootstocks.Annals of botany · 2022Article
- Apple rootstocks affect functional leaf traits with consequential effects on carbon isotope composition and vegetative vigour.AoB PLANTS · 2022Article
- A Comparative Study on the Branching Pattern of Monocyclic and Bicyclic Shoots of Apple cv. "Fuji".Frontiers in plant science · 2020Article
- Neoformation and summer arrest are common sources of tree plasticity in response to water stress of apple cultivars.Annals of botany · 2019Article
- Apple dwarfing rootstocks exhibit an imbalance in carbohydrate allocation and reduced cell growth and metabolism.Horticulture research · 2017Article
- miRNA and Degradome Sequencing Reveal miRNA and Their Target Genes That May Mediate Shoot Growth in Spur Type Mutant "Yanfu 6".Frontiers in plant science · 2017Article
- Simulation of carbon allocation and organ growth variability in apple tree by connecting architectural and source-sink models.Annals of botany · 2016Article
- Genetic control of pear rootstock-induced dwarfing and precocity is linked to a chromosomal region syntenic to the apple Dw1 loci.BMC plant biology · 2015Article
- Two quantitative trait loci, Dw1 and Dw2, are primarily responsible for rootstock-induced dwarfing in apple.Horticulture research · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsPrecocious flowering in apple trees is often associated with a smaller tree size. The hypothesis was tested that floral evocation in axillary buds, induced by dwarfing rootstocks, reduces the vigour of annual shoots developing from these buds compared with shoots developing from vegetative buds.
methodsThe experimental system provided a wide range of possible tree vigour using 'Royal Gala' scions and M.9 (dwarfing) and MM.106 (non-dwarfing) as rootstocks and interstocks. Second-year annual shoots were divided into growth units corresponding to periods (flushes) of growth namely, vegetative spur, extension growth unit, uninterrupted growth unit, floral growth unit (bourse) and extended bourse. The differences between the floral and vegetative shoots were quantified by the constituent growth units produced. KEY
resultsThe dwarfing influence was expressed, firstly, in reduced proportions of shoots that contained at least one extension growth unit and secondly, in reduced proportions of bicyclic shoots (containing two extension growth units) and shoots with an uninterrupted growth unit. In treatments where floral shoots were present, they were markedly less vigorous than vegetative shoots with respect to both measures. In treatments with M.9 rootstock, vegetative and floral shoots produced on average 0.52 and 0.17 extension growth units, compared with 0.77 extension growth units per shoot in the MM.106 rootstock treatment. Remarkably, the number of nodes per extension growth unit was not affected by the rootstock/interstock treatments.
conclusionsThese results showed that rootstocks/interstocks affect the type of growth units produced during the annual growth cycle, reducing the number of extension growth units, thus affecting the composition and vigour of annual shoots. This effect is particularly amplified by the transition to flowering induced by dwarfing rootstocks. The division of annual shoot into growth units will also be useful for measuring and modelling effects of age on apple tree architecture.
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