Trial reportThorax2008
Varenicline versus transdermal nicotine patch for smoking cessation: results from a randomised open-label trial.
Trial report in Thorax, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 135 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Open-Label, Multicenter Study With Follow-Up Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Varenicline Tartrate in Comparison to Transdermal Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation
Human Laboratory Study Of Varenicline in Smokers
Varenicline Versus Transdermal Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: a Pilot Randomized Trial
Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease: "Real-World" Effectiveness of Combined Pharmacotherapy and Behavioural Counseling for Smoking Cessation
Who cites it
135 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 346 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Does Aerobic Exercise Facilitate Vaping and Smoking Cessation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Updated Cardiovascular Prevention Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology - 2019.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2019Guideline
- Effect of exercise type on smoking cessation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC research notes · 2017Pooled it
- A systematic review of possible serious adverse health effects of nicotine replacement therapy.Archives of toxicology · 2017Pooled it
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Varenicline Efficacy for Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Pooled it
- Weight gain in smokers after quitting cigarettes: meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2012Pooled it
- Risk of serious adverse cardiovascular events associated with varenicline: a systematic review and meta-analysis.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2011Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Health Coaching in Smoking Cessation and Promoting the Use of Oral Smoking Cessation Drugs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- Varenicline as a treatment for cannabis use disorder: A placebo-controlled pilot trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Cytisine versus varenicline for smoking cessation in New Zealand indigenous Māori: a randomized controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Trial
- Comparative effects of varenicline or combination nicotine replacement therapy versus patch monotherapy on candidate mediators of early abstinence in a smoking cessation attempt.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Trial
- Impact of early nausea on varenicline adherence and smoking cessation.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2020Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Varenicline for Adolescent Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA pediatrics · 2019Trial
- Quitting Failure and Success With and Without Using Medication: Latent Classes of Abstinence and Adherence to Nicotine Monotherapy, Combination Therapy, and Varenicline.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Trial
- Effects of varenicline therapy in combination with advanced behavioral support on smoking cessation and quality of life in inpatients with acute exacerbation of COPD, bronchial asthma, or community-acquired pneumonia: A prospective, open-label, preference-based, 52-week, follow-up trial.Chronic respiratory disease · 2018Trial
- Flexible, dual-form nicotine replacement therapy or varenicline in comparison with nicotine patch for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial.BMC medicine · 2016Trial
75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVarenicline, a new treatment for smoking cessation, has demonstrated significantly greater efficacy over placebo and sustained release bupropion (bupropion SR). A study was undertaken to compare a 12-week standard regimen of varenicline with a 10-week standard regimen of transdermal nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation.
methodsIn this 52-week, open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial conducted in Belgium, France, The Netherlands, UK and USA, participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive varenicline uptitrated to 1 mg twice daily for 12 weeks or transdermal NRT (21 mg/day reducing to 7 mg/day) for 10 weeks. Non-treatment follow-up continued to week 52. The primary outcome was the biochemically confirmed (exhaled carbon monoxide < or = 10 ppm) self-reported continuous abstinence rate (CAR) for the last 4 weeks of the treatment period in participants who had taken at least one dose of treatment. Secondary outcomes included CAR from the last 4 weeks of treatment through weeks 24 and 52, and measures of craving, withdrawal and smoking satisfaction.
resultsA total of 376 and 370 participants assigned to varenicline and NRT, respectively, were eligible for analysis. The CAR for the last 4 weeks of treatment was significantly greater for varenicline (55.9%) than NRT (43.2%; OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.28, p<0.001). The week 52 CAR (NRT, weeks 8-52; varenicline, weeks 9-52) was 26.1% for varenicline and 20.3% for NRT (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.99, p = 0.056). Varenicline significantly reduced craving (p<0.001), withdrawal symptoms (p<0.001) and smoking satisfaction (p<0.001) compared with NRT. The most frequent adverse event was nausea (varenicline, 37.2%; NRT, 9.7%).
conclusionsThe outcomes of this trial established that abstinence from smoking was greater and craving, withdrawal symptoms and smoking satisfaction were less at the end of treatment with varenicline than with transdermal NRT. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00143325.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.