ReviewImmunology2008
Class II major histocompatibility complex tetramer staining: progress, problems, and prospects.
Review in Immunology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed.
- Relatively low level of antigen-specific monocytes detected in blood from untreated tuberculosis patients using CD4+ T-cell receptor tetramers.PLoS pathogens · 2012Trial
- A Streamlined and Time-Saving Approach to Generate HLA-DR15 MHC Class II Tetramers via In Vivo Biotinylation.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- Virus-specific CD4+ T cells contribute to clearance of human metapneumovirus despite exhibiting an impaired phenotype.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Current and Emerging Assays for Measuring Human T-Cell Responses Against Beta-Cell Antigens in Type 1 Diabetes.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Citrullinated Autoantigen-Specific T and B Lymphocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Focus on Follicular T Helper Cells and Expansion by Coculture.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Review
- De novo identification of CD4Nature methods · 2024Article
- Immunogen-Specific Strengths and Limitations of the Activation-Induced Marker Assay for Assessing Murine Antigen-Specific CD4+ T Cell Responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Toward a general model of CD4Immunity · 2023Review
- Immunoinformatics Approach for Epitope-Based Vaccine Design: Key Steps for Breast Cancer Vaccine.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Development of a Mouse Model to Explore CD4 T Cell Specificity, Phenotype, and Recruitment to the Lung after Influenza B Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Evaluation of a fit-for-purpose assay to monitor antigen-specific functional CD4+ T-cell subpopulations in rheumatoid arthritis using flow cytometry-based peptide-MHC class-II tetramer staining.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Article
- Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition).European journal of immunology · 2021Review
- Affinity-matured HLA class II dimers for robust staining of antigen-specific CD4Nature biotechnology · 2021Article
- Beryllium-specific CD4+ T cells induced by chemokine neoantigens perpetuate inflammation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- In chronic infection, HIV gag-specific CD4+ T cell receptor diversity is higher than CD8+ T cell receptor diversity and is associated with less HIV quasispecies diversity.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Identifying and Targeting Human Tumor Antigens for T Cell-Based Immunotherapy of Solid Tumors.Cancer cell · 2020Review
- Computational Prediction and Validation of Tumor-Associated Neoantigens.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Increased yields and biological potency of knob-into-hole-based soluble MHC class II molecules.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition).European journal of immunology · 2019Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The use of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) tetramers in the detection and analysis of antigen-specific T cells has become more widespread since its introduction 11 years ago. Early challenges in the application of tetramer staining to CD4+ T cells centred around difficulties in the expression of various class II MHC allelic variants and the detection of low-frequency T cells in mixed populations. As many of the technical obstacles to class II MHC tetramer staining have been overcome, the focus has returned to uncertainties concerning how oligomer valency and T-cell receptor/MHC affinity affect tetramer binding. Such issues have become more important with an increase in the number of studies relying on direct ex vivo analysis of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. In this review we discuss which problems in class II MHC tetramer staining have been solved to date, and which matters remain to be considered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.