ArticleIn vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal
The effects of three-dimensional cell culture on single myoblasts.
Article in In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Muscle Atrophy Marker Expression Differs between Rotary Cell Culture System and Animal Studies.BioMed research international · 2019Article
- The cultural divide: exponential growth in classical 2D and metabolic equilibrium in 3D environments.PloS one · 2014Article
- Alix protein is substrate of Ozz-E3 ligase and modulates actin remodeling in skeletal muscle.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Identification of cellular and morphological changes in myoblasts during three-dimensional (3D) culture may provide novel insight into skeletal muscle morphogenesis. One particular morphological change that occurs during the transition from monolayer culture to the 3D environment is the appearance of cytoplasmic projections (podia). The purpose of these studies was to determine if: (1) 3D culture increased podia formation in single cells, and (2) podia were F-actin dependent. C2C12 cells were grown in 3D conditions using a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) for 3, 6, and 9 h, fixed, and stained. Analysis of confocal images revealed that podia were significantly more numerous on RCCS cultured cells than those on suspension controls. Further, the podia of RCCS cultured cells decreased in number and increased in length during the time intervals examined. RCCS cultured cells showed no significant changes in viability, Annexin V staining, and activated Caspase 3 expression over time. In contrast, significant decreases in viability of suspension controls occurred. The application of 2 muM Latrunculin A (Lat A), an actin depolymerizing agent, significantly reduced the number of cells with podia. The number of cells with podia recovered with Lat A removal. Changes in viability and apoptosis markers were not significant during Lat A application or washout experiments. These observations reveal that: (1) culture conditions in the RCCS increase the quantity of podia formation; (2) these podia increase in length with time; and (3) F-actin plays a role in podia formation.
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