ArticleBMC microbiology2008
Vesicle-independent extracellular release of a proinflammatory outer membrane lipoprotein in free-soluble form.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bacterial symbionts in oral niche use type VI secretion nanomachinery for fitness increase against pathobionts.iScience · 2024Article
- Reductions in bacterial viability stimulate the production of Extra-intestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) cytoplasm-carrying Extracellular Vesicles (EVs).PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Review
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- Proteomics of extracellular vesicles produced by Granulicatella adiacens, which causes infective endocarditis.PloS one · 2020Article
- Review
- Virulence and Pathogenicity Properties ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Tools ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Flagella-dependent inhibition of biofilm formation by sub-inhibitory concentration of polymyxin B in Vibrio cholerae.PloS one · 2019Article
- Peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein ofJournal of oral microbiology · 2018Article
- Dataset of the proteome of purified outer membrane vesicles from the human pathogenData in brief · 2017Article
- Article
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans outer membrane vesicles are internalized in human host cells and trigger NOD1- and NOD2-dependent NF-κB activation.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Comparative genomic hybridization and transcriptome analysis with a pan-genome microarray reveal distinctions between JP2 and non-JP2 genotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.Molecular oral microbiology · 2013Article
- Article
- Perinuclear localization of internalized outer membrane vesicles carrying active cytolethal distending toxin from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.Infection and immunity · 2012Article
- Article
- Proinflammatory effect in whole blood by free soluble bacterial components released from planktonic and biofilm cells.BMC microbiology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium associated with aggressively progressing periodontitis. Extracellular release of bacterial outer membrane proteins has been suggested to mainly occur via outer membrane vesicles. This study investigated the presence and conservation of peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (AaPAL) among A. actinomycetemcomitans strains, the immunostimulatory effect of AaPAL, and whether live cells release this structural outer membrane lipoprotein in free-soluble form independent of vesicles.
resultsThe pal locus and its gene product were confirmed in clinical A. actinomycetemcomitans strains by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and immunoblotting. Culturing under different growth conditions revealed no apparent requirement for the AaPAL expression. Inactivation of pal in a wild-type strain (D7S) and in its spontaneous laboratory variant (D7SS) resulted in pleiotropic cellular effects. In a cell culture insert model (filter pore size 0.02 mum), AaPAL was detected from filtrates when strains D7S and D7SS were incubated in serum or broth in the inserts. Electron microscopy showed that A. actinomycetemcomitans vesicles (0.05-0.2 mum) were larger than the filter pores and that there were no vesicles in the filtrates. The filtrates were immunoblot negative for a cytoplasmic marker, cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein. An ex vivo model indicated cytokine production from human whole blood stimulated by AaPAL.
conclusionFree-soluble AaPAL can be extracellularly released in a process independent of vesicles.
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