Trial reportJournal of anatomy2008
Molecular biomarkers monitoring human skeletal muscle fibres and microvasculature following long-term bed rest with and without countermeasures.
Trial report in Journal of anatomy, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nonuniform loss of muscle strength and atrophy during bed rest: a systematic review.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2021Pooled it
- Fasting increases human skeletal muscle net phenylalanine release and this is associated with decreased mTOR signaling.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Microgravity-induced changes in skeletal muscle and possible countermeasures: What we can learn from bed rest and human space studies.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Putting the brakes on muscle growth: Myostatin as regulator of disuse atrophy.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- How Acute and Chronic Exercise Regulate Muscle Atrophic Genes to Mitigate Sarcopenia: A Narrative Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Resistance and Aerobic Preconditioning Delays Unloading-Induced Multisystemic Physiological Changes: The NEBULA Project.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Association of sedentary behaviour with gout and the interaction effect of hyperuricemia: a cross-sectional study from 2007 to 2018.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Disuse-Induced Muscle Fatigue: Facts and Assumptions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Substrate metabolism in male astronauts onboard the International Space Station: the ENERGY study.NPJ microgravity · 2024Article
- Physiology of sedentary behavior.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- nNOS Increases Fiber Type-Specific Angiogenesis in Skeletal Muscle of Mice in Response to Endurance Exercise.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Physiology of physical inactivity, sedentary behaviours and non-exercise activity: insights from the space bedrest model.The Journal of physiology · 2022Review
- Implementation of exercise countermeasures during spaceflight and microgravity analogue studies: Developing countermeasure protocols for bedrest in older adults (BROA).Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Effects of Various Muscle Disuse States and Countermeasures on Muscle Molecular Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Transcriptomic Signatures and Upstream Regulation in Human Skeletal Muscle Adapted to Disuse and Aerobic Exercise.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- How Postural Muscle Senses Disuse? Early Signs and Signals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Enhanced Blood Supply Through Lower Body Negative Pressure During Slow-Paced, High Load Leg Press Exercise Alters the Response of Muscle AMPK and Circulating Angiogenic Factors.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Adaptive responses of histone modifications to resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle.PloS one · 2020Article
- An accumulation of muscle macrophages is accompanied by altered insulin sensitivity after reduced activity and recovery.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms of human skeletal muscle adaptation to disuse are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the morphological and biochemical changes of the lower limb soleus and vastus lateralis muscles following 60 days of head-down tilt bed rest in women with and without exercise countermeasure using molecular biomarkers monitoring functional cell compartments. Muscle biopsies were taken before (pre) and after bed rest (post) from a bed rest-only and a bed rest exercise group (n = 8, each). NOS1 and NOS3/PECAM, markers of myofibre 'activity' and capillary density, and MuRF1 (E3 ubiquitin-ligase), a marker of proteolysis, were documented by confocal immunofluorescence and immunoblot analyses. Morphometrical parameters (myofibre cross-sectional area, type I/II distribution) were largely preserved in muscles from the exercise group with a robust trend for type II hypertrophy in vastus lateralis. In the bed rest-only group, the relative NOS1 immunostaining intensity was decreased at type I and II myofibre membranes, while the bed rest plus exercise group compensated for this loss particularly in soleus. In the microvascular network, NOS3 expression and the capillary-to-fibre ratio were both increased in the exercise group. Elevated MuRF1 immunosignals found in subgroups of atrophic myofibres probably reflected accelerated proteolysis. Immunoblots revealed overexpression of the MuRF1 protein in the soleus of the bed rest-only group (> 35% vs. pre). We conclude that exercise countermeasure during bed rest affected both NOS/NO signalling and proteolysis in female skeletal muscle. Maintenance of NO signalling mechanisms and normal protein turnover by exercise countermeasure may be crucial steps to attenuate human skeletal muscle atrophy and to maintain cell function following chronic disuse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.