ReviewMedicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates))2008
HIV protease inhibitors impact on apoptosis.
Review in Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06799650 (Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Gammora® in Addition to Standard Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV Infection in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naïve Participants), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Gammora® in Addition to Standard Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV Infection in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naïve Participants
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kinetics of microbial translocation markers in patients on efavirenz or lopinavir/r based antiretroviral therapy.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Interactions of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy With Neutrophils and Platelets.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- A New Insight on the Radioprotective Potential of Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
- Antiretroviral Therapy Concentrations Differ in Gut vs. Lymph Node Tissues and Are Associated With HIV Viral Transcription by a Novel RT-ddPCR Assay.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Apoptosis characterization in mononuclear blood leukocytes of HIV patients during dengue acute disease.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- NNRTI-induced HIV-1 protease-mediated cytotoxicity induces rapid death of CD4 T cells during productive infection and latency reversal.Retrovirology · 2019Article
- Lopinavir, an HIV-1 peptidase inhibitor, induces alteration on the lipid metabolism of Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes.Parasitology · 2018Article
- Early consolidation with high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation is a feasible and effective treatment option in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma at high risk.Bone marrow transplantation · 2018Article
- Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-β1b Improves Outcome of MERS-CoV Infection in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Common Marmoset.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Review
- Anti-apoptotic mechanisms of HIV: lessons and novel approaches to curing HIV.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2013Review
- The HIV-1 protease inhibitor nelfinavir activates PP2 and inhibits MAPK signaling in macrophages: a pathway to reduce inflammation.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2012Article
- Effects of HIV-1 protease on cellular functions and their potential applications in antiretroviral therapy.Cell & bioscience · 2012Article
- Article
- Low CD4+ T-cell levels and B-cell apoptosis in vertically HIV-exposed noninfected children and adolescents.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2010Article
- Nelfinavir induces mitochondria protection by ERK1/2-mediated mcl-1 stabilization that can be overcome by sorafenib.Investigational new drugs · 2010Article
- The mitochondria-independent cytotoxic effect of nelfinavir on leukemia cells can be enhanced by sorafenib-mediated mcl-1 downregulation and mitochondrial membrane destabilization.Molecular cancer · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV protease inhibitors are the backbone of HIV therapy. In addition to blocking intracellular HIV protease and dramatically decreasing viral burden, the protease inhibitors also regulate apoptosis. A growing body of data has confirmed the immunomodulatory effects of HIV protease inhibitors which block CD4+ and CD8+ T cell death in models of HIV infection. The mechanism of this apoptosis inhibition is still under active investigation and supported by several proposed hypothesis for how they alter the fate of the cell. More recently, the anti-apoptotic effects of the HIV protease inhibitors has been extended to the non-HIV, non-immune cell, whereby protease inhibitors prevent apoptosis, and disease, in animal models of sepsis, hepatitis and stroke. Interestingly, when HIV protease inhibitors are used at supra-therapeutic concentrations, they exert pro-apoptotic effects. This has been demonstrated in a number of tumor models. Although it is unclear how HIV protease inhibitors can induce apoptosis at increased concentrations, future research will define the targets of the immunomodulation and reveal the full clinical potential of this intriguing class of drugs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.