ArticleBMC cancer2008
Comparison of mouse mammary gland imaging techniques and applications: reflectance confocal microscopy, GFP imaging, and ultrasound.
Article in BMC cancer, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intravital Imaging of Immune Responses in the Cancer Microenvironment.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Identification of Functional Immune Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Fast Ultrasound Scanning is a Rapid, Sensitive, Precise and Cost-Effective Method to Monitor Tumor Grafts in Mice.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2024Article
- Types of advanced optical microscopy techniques for breast cancer research: a review.Lasers in medical science · 2018Review
- Three dimensional multiphoton imaging of fresh and whole mount developing mouse mammary glands.BMC cancer · 2013Article
- Preclinical magnetic resonance imaging and systems biology in cancer research: current applications and challenges.The American journal of pathology · 2013Review
- Remodeling of endogenous mammary epithelium by breast cancer stem cells.Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2012Article
- Laser scanning-based tissue autofluorescence/fluorescence imaging (LS-TAFI), a new technique for analysis of microanatomy in whole-mount tissues.The American journal of pathology · 2012Article
- Comparison of increased aromatase versus ERα in the generation of mammary hyperplasia and cancer.Cancer research · 2011Article
- Methods for preparing fluorescent and neutral red-stained whole mounts of mouse mammary glands.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2009Article
- Confocal microscopy of unfixed breast needle core biopsies: a comparison to fixed and stained sections.BMC cancer · 2009Article
- Complementarity of ultrasound and fluorescence imaging in an orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer.BMC cancer · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGenetically engineered mouse models of mammary gland cancer enable the in vivo study of molecular mechanisms and signaling during development and cancer pathophysiology. However, traditional whole mount and histological imaging modalities are only applicable to non-viable tissue.
methodsWe evaluated three techniques that can be quickly applied to living tissue for imaging normal and cancerous mammary gland: reflectance confocal microscopy, green fluorescent protein imaging, and ultrasound imaging.
resultsIn the current study, reflectance confocal imaging offered the highest resolution and was used to optically section mammary ductal structures in the whole mammary gland. Glands remained viable in mammary gland whole organ culture when 1% acetic acid was used as a contrast agent. Our application of using green fluorescent protein expressing transgenic mice in our study allowed for whole mammary gland ductal structures imaging and enabled straightforward serial imaging of mammary gland ducts in whole organ culture to visualize the growth and differentiation process. Ultrasound imaging showed the lowest resolution. However, ultrasound was able to detect mammary preneoplastic lesions 0.2 mm in size and was used to follow cancer growth with serial imaging in living mice.
conclusionIn conclusion, each technique enabled serial imaging of living mammary tissue and visualization of growth and development, quickly and with minimal tissue preparation. The use of the higher resolution reflectance confocal and green fluorescent protein imaging techniques and lower resolution ultrasound were complementary.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.