ArticleThe Plant cell2008
Sad3 and sad4 are required for saponin biosynthesis and root development in oat.
Article in The Plant cell, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute and Chronic Effects of Green Oat (Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Biosynthesis and functions of triterpenoids in cereals.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Comprehensive mutant chemotyping reveals embedding of a lineage-specific biosynthetic gene cluster in wider plant metabolism.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Classification, biosynthesis, and biological functions of triterpene esters in plants.Plant communications · 2024Review
- Discovery of plant chemical defence mediated by a two-component system involving β-glucosidase in Panax species.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The interaction networks of small rubber particle proteins in the latex ofFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Genetic basis and selection of glyceollin elicitation in wild soybean.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Management of Reniform Nematode in Cotton Using Winter Crop Residue Amendments Under Greenhouse Conditions.Journal of nematology · 2023Article
- Terpenoid Transport in Plants: How Far from the Final Picture?Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Reniform Nematode Management Using Winter Crop Rotation and Residue Incorporation Methods in Greenhouse Experiments.Journal of nematology · 2023Article
- Saponin Biosynthesis in Pulses.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Into a dilemma of plants: the antagonism between chemical defenses and growth.Plant molecular biology · 2022Review
- Article
- Effective prediction of biosynthetic pathway genes involved in bioactive polyphyllins in Paris polyphylla.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Specific decorations of 17-hydroxygeranyllinalool diterpene glycosides solve the autotoxicity problem of chemical defense in Nicotiana attenuata.The Plant cell · 2021Article
- Diversity in Chemical Structures and Biological Properties of Plant Alkaloids.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Subtelomeric assembly of a multi-gene pathway for antimicrobial defense compounds in cereals.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Tissue-specific signatures of metabolites and proteins in asparagus roots and exudates.Horticulture research · 2021Article
- Plant Metabolic Gene Clusters: Evolution, Organization, and Their Applications in Synthetic Biology.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Avenacins are antimicrobial triterpene glycosides that are produced by oat (Avena) roots. These compounds confer broad-spectrum resistance to soil pathogens. Avenacin A-1, the major avenacin produced by oats, is strongly UV fluorescent and accumulates in root epidermal cells. We previously defined nine loci required for avenacin synthesis, eight of which are clustered. Mutants affected at seven of these (including Saponin-deficient1 [Sad1], the gene for the first committed enzyme in the pathway) have normal root morphology but reduced root fluorescence. In this study, we focus on mutations at the other two loci, Sad3 (also within the gene cluster) and Sad4 (unlinked), which result in stunted root growth, membrane trafficking defects in the root epidermis, and root hair deficiency. While sad3 and sad4 mutants both accumulate the same intermediate, monodeglucosyl avenacin A-1, the effect on avenacin A-1 glucosylation in sad4 mutants is only partial. sad1/sad1 sad3/sad3 and sad1/sad1 sad4/sad4 double mutants have normal root morphology, implying that the accumulation of incompletely glucosylated avenacin A-1 disrupts membrane trafficking and causes degeneration of the epidermis, with consequential effects on root hair formation. Various lines of evidence indicate that these effects are dosage-dependent. The significance of these data for the evolution and maintenance of the avenacin gene cluster is discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.