Trial reportSurgical endoscopy2008
A randomized comparison of primary closure and T-tube drainage of the common bile duct after laparoscopic choledochotomy.
Trial report in Surgical endoscopy, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Minimally invasive surgical strategies for gallbladder stones with concomitant common bile duct stones: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Greater than or equal to 8 mm is a safe diameter of common bile duct for primary duct closure: single-arm meta-analysis and systematic review.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2022Pooled it
- Primary duct closure versus T-tube drainage after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration: a meta-analysis.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2021Pooled it
- Can T-tube drainage be replaced by primary suture technique in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2020Pooled it
- Transcystic versus traditional laparoscopic common bile duct exploration: its advantages and a meta-analysis.Surgical endoscopy · 2018Pooled it
- Systematic review with meta-analysis of studies comparing primary duct closure and T-tube drainage after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration for choledocholithiasis.Surgical endoscopy · 2016Pooled it
- T-tube drainage versus primary closure after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Prevention and treatment of bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: the clinical practice guidelines of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES).Surgical endoscopy · 2012Guideline
- Primary closure versus T-tube drainage in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2012Pooled it
- Primary closure versus T-tube drainage after common bile duct exploration for choledocholithiasis.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2011Pooled it
- T-Tube Use After Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration.JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic SurgeonsPooled it
- Laparoscopic primary suture versus T-tube drainage for choledocholithiasis: a comparative analysis of efficacy and safety.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Article
- Surgical management of common bile duct stones following repeated endoscopic failure: A retrospective cohort study covering the pandemic period.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Is T-tube drainage no longer needed for laparoscopic common bile duct exploration? A retrospective analysis and literature review.Wideochirurgia i inne techniki maloinwazyjne = Videosurgery and other miniinvasive techniques · 2023Article
- The Outcome and Safety in Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration with Primary Suture versus T-Tube Drainage: A Meta-Analysis.Applied bionics and biomechanics · 2023Review
- Comparative study of three common bile duct closure techniques after choledocholithotomy: safety and efficacy.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2022Article
- Comparison of Primary Suture and T-Tube Drainage After Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Combined with Intraoperative Choledochoscopy in the Treatment of Secondary Common Bile Duct Stones: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A · 2022Article
- The Safety and Efficacy of Primary Duct Closure without Endoscopic Nasobiliary Drainage after Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration.Gastrointestinal tumors · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTraditionally, the common bile duct (CBD) has been closed with T-tube drainage after laparoscopic choledochotomy and removal of CBD stones. However, insertion of the T-tube is related to some potential postoperative complications, and patients must carry the T-tube for several weeks before its removal. Primary closure of the CBD without drainage has been proposed as a safe alternative to T-tube placement after laparoscopic choledochotomy. This randomized study aimed to compare the postoperative course and final outcome between the two methods applied after LCBDE.
methodsBetween January 2000 and January 2004, 80 patients treated with laparoscopic choledochotomy for CBD stones were randomly assigned to primary duct closure (n = 40) or T-tube drainage (n = 40). The primary end points were morbidity, operative time, postoperative stay, hospital expenses, and time until return to work.
resultsThere were no differences in the demographic characteristics or clinical presentations between the two groups. In the primary closure group, the postoperative stay (5.2 +/- 2.2 vs 8.3 +/- 3.6 days) and the time until return to work (12.6 +/- 5.1 vs 20.4 +/- 13.2 days) were significantly shorter, the hospital expenses (8,638 +/- 2,946 vs 12,531 +/- 4,352 yuan) were significantly lower, and the incidences of postoperative complications (15% vs 27.5%) and biliary complications (10% vs 20%) were statistically and insignificantly lower than in the T-tube drainage group. In the primary closure group, six patients experienced postoperative complications, four of whom had biliary complications, compared, respectively, with 11 and 8 patients in the T-tube drainage group.
conclusionsThis study showed that primary CBC closure after laparoscopic choledochotomy was a viable alternative to mandatory T-tube drainage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.