Trial reportClinical pharmacokinetics2008
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction between allopurinol and probenecid in healthy subjects.
Trial report in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Uricosuric medications for chronic gout.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Allopurinol for chronic gout.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Fractional clearance of urate: validation of measurement in spot-urine samples in healthy subjects and gouty patients.Arthritis research & therapy · 2012Trial
- Response to Allopurinol and Febuxostat According to the Fractional Excretion of Urate in Men With Gout.Arthritis care & research · 2026Article
- Management of hypertension addressing hyperuricaemia: introduction of nano-based approaches.Annals of medicine · 2024Review
- Honorary Professor Garry Graham.Inflammopharmacology · 2021Article
- Individualising the dose of allopurinol in patients with gout.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Observational
- Assessment of genetic polymorphisms associated with hyperuricemia or gout in the Hmong.Personalized medicine · 2016Article
- Predicting allopurinol response in patients with gout.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2016Article
- Urate-lowering therapy: current options and future prospects for elderly patients with gout.Drugs & aging · 2014Review
- How do taste cells lacking synapses mediate neurotransmission? CALHM1, a voltage-gated ATP channel.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2013Review
- The pharmacokinetics of oxypurinol in people with gout.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2012Article
- Oxypurinol, allopurinol and allopurinol-1-riboside in plasma following an acute overdose of allopurinol in a patient with advanced chronic kidney disease.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2012Article
- Allopurinol reduces antigen-specific and polyclonal activation of human T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2012Article
- Lack of effect of hydrochlorothiazide and low-dose aspirin on the renal clearance of urate and oxypurinol after a single dose of allopurinol in normal volunteers.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2011Article
- Probenecid inhibits the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 and suppresses bitter perception of salicin.PloS one · 2011Article
- A benefit-risk assessment of benzbromarone in the treatment of gout. Was its withdrawal from the market in the best interest of patients?Drug safety · 2008Review
- Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of allopurinol and oxypurinol.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2007Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveCombination therapy with allopurinol and probenecid is used to treat tophaceous gout in patients who do not respond sufficiently to allopurinol alone. However, the potential interaction between these drugs has not been systematically investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and hypouricaemic effect of oxypurinol (the active metabolite of allopurinol) and probenecid when administered alone and in combination in healthy subjects.
methodsAn open-label, randomized, three-way crossover clinical trial was conducted in 12 healthy adults. Subjects were randomized to receive treatment for 7 days with allopurinol (150 mg twice daily), probenecid (500 mg twice daily) or combination therapy with both drugs, with a 7-day washout period between treatments. Venous blood samples were collected predose (at 0 hours) and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hours after dosage for determination of oxypurinol and/or probenecid concentrations. Plasma and urinary urate concentrations were determined on each study day and at the end of each washout period. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters were analysed using two-way ANOVA.
resultsCoadministration of allopurinol and probenecid significantly reduced average steady-state plasma oxypurinol concentrations (mean+/-SD: allopurinol alone 9.7+/-2.1 mg/L vs combination 5.1+/-1.0 mg/L, p<0.001). Probenecid concentrations were unaffected. Plasma urate concentrations decreased (p<0.01) during allopurinol therapy (0.16+/-0.05 mmol/L), probenecid therapy (0.13+/-0.02 mmol/L) and combination therapy (0.09+/-0.02 mmol/L) compared with baseline (0.30+/-0.05 mmol/L).
conclusionCoadministration of allopurinol and probenecid to healthy subjects had a greater hypouricaemic effect than either allopurinol or probenecid alone, despite a reduction in plasma oxypurinol concentrations when the drugs were taken concomitantly.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.