ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008
Eoxins are proinflammatory arachidonic acid metabolites produced via the 15-lipoxygenase-1 pathway in human eosinophils and mast cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasma 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid Predicts Treatment Outcomes in Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practiceTrial
- ALOX15-driven ω-6 fatty acid metabolism promotes type 2 inflammation in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2026Article
- Eosinophil biology in COPD: from scientific insight to clinical treatment action.ERJ open research · 2026Review
- Sexual Dimorphism in Allergic and Mast Cell-Associated Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Peripheral metabolic-redox signaling as a core mechanism of major depressive disorder: evidence from deep metabolomic phenotyping.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2026Article
- The role of ALOX15 in inflammation-related diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Eosinophils and Bioactive Lipid Mediators Regulate Skin Inflammation and Cancer Growth.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Article
- Impacts of Oxylipins on ischemic stroke: from pathophysiology to clinical phenotypes.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Review
- Arachidonoyl-carnitine and arachidonoyl-coenzyme A are suitable substrates for mammalian ALOX isoforms.Journal of lipid research · 2025Article
- The Role of Endogenous Specialized Proresolving Mediators in Mast Cells and Their Involvement in Inflammation and Resolution.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Metabolic pathways of eicosanoids-derivatives of arachidonic acid and their significance in skin.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Review
- Eosinophils and pleural macrophages counter regulate IL-33-elicited airway inflammation via the 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Unique effect of aspirin on local 15-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid synthesis in asthma patients with aspirin hypersensitivity.Clinical and translational allergy · 2024Article
- Eosinophil biology from the standpoint of metabolism: implications for metabolic disorders and asthma.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Review
- Trisomy 21-driven metabolite alterations are linked to cellular injuries in Down syndrome.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Conversion to Lipid Mediators, Roles in Inflammatory Diseases and Dietary Sources.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Thiocarbohydrazone and Chalcone-Derived 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinethione as Lipid Peroxidation and Soybean Lipoxygenase Inhibitors.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Review
- Identification of PCSK9-like human gene knockouts using metabolomics, proteomics, and whole-genome sequencing in a consanguineous population.Cell genomics · 2023Article
- Male infertility and somatic health - insights into lipid damage as a mechanistic link.Nature reviews. Urology · 2022Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human eosinophils contain abundant amounts of 15-lipoxygenase (LO)-1. The biological role of 15-LO-1 in humans, however, is unclear. Incubation of eosinophils with arachidonic acid led to formation of a product with a UV absorbance maximum at 282 nm and shorter retention time than leukotriene (LT)C4 in reverse-phase HPLC. Analysis with positive-ion electrospray tandem MS identified this eosinophil metabolite as 14,15-LTC4. This metabolite could be metabolized to 14,15-LTD4 and 14,15-LTE4 in eosinophils. Because eosinophils are such an abundant source of these metabolites and to avoid confusion with 5-LO-derived LTs, we suggest the names eoxin (EX)C4, -D4, and -E4 instead of 14,15-LTC4, -D4, and -E4, respectively. Cord blood-derived mast cells and surgically removed nasal polyps from allergic subjects also produced EXC4. Incubation of eosinophils with arachidonic acid favored the production of EXC4, whereas challenge with calcium ionophore led to exclusive formation of LTC4. Eosinophils produced EXC4 after challenge with the proinflammatory agents LTC4, prostaglandin D2, and IL-5, demonstrating that EXC4 can be synthesized from the endogenous pool of arachidonic acid. EXs induced increased permeability of endothelial cell monolayer in vitro, indicating that EXs can modulate and enhance vascular permeability, a hallmark of inflammation. In this model system, EXs were 100 times more potent than histamine and almost as potent as LTC4 and LTD4. Taken together, this article describes the formation of proinflammatory EXs, in particular in human eosinophils but also in human mast cells and nasal polyps.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.