Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18184033›Full record

ArticlePLoS medicine2008

Combined impact of health behaviours and mortality in men and women: the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study.

Kay-Tee Khaw, Nicholas Wareham, Sheila Bingham, Ailsa Welch, Robert Luben, Nicholas Day

Erratum issued 2 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 334 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
334citing papers in PubMed, 15 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04966104 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

ODYSSEE-vCHAT Pilot Trial: a Virtual Community Promoting Health Literacy, Self-Care, and Peer Support for Heart Failure

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Health Network, TorontoRan2021 to 2023Enrolled61ConditionsHeart FailureArmsODYSSEE-vCHAT
NCT06274710 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Open Access Digital CommunitY Promoting Self-Care, Peer Support, and HEalth LitEracy (ODYSSEE) for Kidney Health (KH) Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Health Network, TorontoRan2023 to 2026Enrolled344ConditionsChronic Kidney DiseasesArmsODYSSEE-KH
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

334 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Multiple Health Risk Factors in Vocational Education Students: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Becoming a parent: A systematic review and meta-analysis of changes in BMI, diet, and physical activity.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2020
    Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Pooled it
  13. Pooled it
  14. Pooled it
  15. Pooled it
  16. Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Trial

274 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kay-Tee KhawDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom. kk101@medschl.cam.ac.uk
Nicholas Wareham
Sheila Bingham
Ailsa Welch
Robert Luben
Nicholas Day

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_U106179471
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is overwhelming evidence that behavioural factors influence health, but their combined impact on the general population is less well documented. We aimed to quantify the potential combined impact of four health behaviours on mortality in men and women living in the general community. METHODS AND

findingsWe examined the prospective relationship between lifestyle and mortality in a prospective population study of 20,244 men and women aged 45-79 y with no known cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline survey in 1993-1997, living in the general community in the United Kingdom, and followed up to 2006. Participants scored one point for each health behaviour: current non-smoking, not physically inactive, moderate alcohol intake (1-14 units a week) and plasma vitamin C >50 mmol/l indicating fruit and vegetable intake of at least five servings a day, for a total score ranging from zero to four. After an average 11 y follow-up, the age-, sex-, body mass-, and social class-adjusted relative risks (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality(1,987 deaths) for men and women who had three, two, one, and zero compared to four health behaviours were respectively, 1.39 (1.21-1.60), 1.95 (1.70--2.25), 2.52 (2.13-3.00), and 4.04 (2.95-5.54) p < 0.001 trend. The relationships were consistent in subgroups stratified by sex, age, body mass index, and social class, and after excluding deaths within 2 y. The trends were strongest for cardiovascular causes. The mortality risk for those with four compared to zero health behaviours was equivalent to being 14 y younger in chronological age.

conclusionsFour health behaviours combined predict a 4-fold difference in total mortality in men and women, with an estimated impact equivalent to 14 y in chronological age.

Indexed as

Health BehaviorMortalitySex FactorsAgedAlcohol DrinkingAscorbic AcidDietEnglandFemaleFruitHumansLife ExpectancyLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedMorbidityAscorbic Acid

Identifiers

PMID18184033
PMCPMC2174962

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.