ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2008
Insulin as an autoantigen in NOD/human diabetes.
Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- From Disposal to Display: Crinophagy as a β-Cell Source of Neoantigens in Type 1 Diabetes.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Cell type-specific expression and subcellular localization of the human insulin upstream open reading frame (INSU) protein in pancreatic β-cells.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Proinsulin-Loaded Nanoparticles Suppress Insulitis and Induce Temporary Diabetes Remission.Cells · 2026Article
- Strategic Reduction of Hybrid Insulin Peptide Formation Significantly Delays Diabetes Onset in NOD Mice.Diabetes · 2026Article
- Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes: Pathophysiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Relevance.Endocrine reviews · 2025Review
- Differential roles of human CD4Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Proinsulin C-peptide is a major source of HLA-DQ8 restricted hybrid insulin peptides recognized by human islet-infiltrating CD4PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Evolving understanding of autoimmune mechanisms and new therapeutic strategies of autoimmune disorders.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Crinophagic granules in pancreatic β cells contribute to mouse autoimmune diabetes by diversifying pathogenic epitope repertoire.Nature communications · 2024Article
- HLA A*24:02-restricted T cell receptors cross-recognize bacterial and preproinsulin peptides in type 1 diabetes.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- Aire mediates tolerance to insulin through thymic trimming of high-affinity T cell clones.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Mapping of a hybrid insulin peptide in the inflamed islet β-cells from NOD mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Insulin-degrading enzyme regulates insulin-directed cellular autoimmunity in murine type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- An antigen-specific immunotherapeutic, AKS-107, deletes insulin-specific B cells and prevents murine autoimmune diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Epitope-based precision immunotherapy of Type 1 diabetes.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Regulatory T cells targeting a pathogenic MHC class II: Insulin peptide epitope postpone spontaneous autoimmune diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- A Distinctive γδ T Cell Repertoire in NOD Mice Weakens Immune Regulation and Favors Diabetic Disease.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- A gut microbial peptide and molecular mimicry in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although multiple islet autoantigens are recognized by T lymphocytes and autoantibodies before the development of type 1A (immune-mediated diabetes), there is increasing evidence that autoimmunity to insulin may be central to disease pathogenesis. Evidence is strongest for the NOD mouse model where blocking immune responses to insulin prevents diabetes, and insulin peptides can be utilized to induce diabetes. In man insulin gene polymorphisms are associated with disease risk, and autoantibodies and T cells reacting with multiple insulin/proinsulin epitopes are present. It is not currently clear why insulin autoimmunity is so prominent and frequent, and though insulin can be used to immunologically prevent diabetes of NOD mice, insulin-based preventive immunoregulation of diabetes in man is not yet possible.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.