ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2008
Activated satellite cells in medial rectus muscles of patients with strabismus.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenge to the concept of surgical dose-response for moderate to large angle exotropia.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Effects of fibroblast growth factor 2 on muscle precursor cells from mouse limb and extraocular muscle.PloS one · 2026Article
- A Preliminary Study of the Occurrence of Genetic Changes in mtDNA in the Muscles in Children Treated for Strabismus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Morphological Differences in the Inferior Oblique Muscles from Subjects with Over-elevation in Adduction.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Involvement of dysregulated coding and long non‑coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of strabismus.Molecular medicine reports · 2018Article
- Altered Protein Composition and Gene Expression in Strabismic Human Extraocular Muscles and Tendons.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2016Article
- Postulating a role for connective tissue elements in inferior oblique muscle overaction (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis).Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society · 2013Article
- Differences in gene expression between strabismic and normal human extraocular muscles.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2012Article
- Effects of recession versus tenotomy surgery without recession in adult rabbit extraocular muscle.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2010Article
- Childhood Onset Strabismus: A Neurotrophic Factor Hypothesis.Journal of binocular vision and ocular motilityArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe goal of this study was to determine whether the medial rectus muscles of patients with a history of medial rectus underaction or overaction show alterations in the process of satellite cell activation when compared with normal age-matched control muscles.
methodsMedial rectus muscles were obtained with consent from adult patients undergoing surgical resection due to medial rectus underaction or overaction and were prepared for histologic examination by fixation and paraffin embedding. Control muscles were obtained from cornea donor eyes of adults who had no history of strabismus or neuromuscular disease. Cross sections were obtained and stained immunohistochemically for the presence of activated satellite cells, as identified by MyoD immunoreactivity, and the presence of the total satellite cell population, as identified by Pax7 immunoreactivity. The percentages of MyoD- and Pax7-positive satellite cells per 100 myofibers in cross section were calculated.
resultsAs predicted from results in the literature, MyoD-positive satellite cells, indicative of activation, were present in both the control and resected muscles. In the underacting medial rectus muscles, the percentages of MyoD- and Pax7-positive satellite cells, based on the number of myofibers, were approximately twofold higher than the percentages in the control muscles. In the overacting medial rectus muscles, the percentage of MyoD-positive satellite cells was twofold less than in the control muscles, whereas the percentage of Pax7-positive satellite cells significantly increased compared with that in the control specimens.
conclusionsThe presence of an increased number of activated satellite cells in the resected underacting medial rectus muscles and the decreased numbers of activated satellite cells in the overacting muscles was unexpected. The upregulation in the number of MyoD-positive satellite cells in underacting muscles suggests that there is potential for successful upregulation of size in these muscles, as the cellular machinery for muscle repair and regeneration, the satellite cells, is retained and active in patients with medial rectus underaction. The decreased number of activated satellite cells in overacting MR muscle suggests that factors as yet unknown in these overacting muscles are able to affect the number of satellite cells and/or their responsiveness compared with normal age-matched control muscles. These hypotheses are currently being tested.
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