ArticleThe journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society2008
Multiple immunoenzyme staining: methods and visualizations for the observation with spectral imaging.
Article in The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pentachroma O-H: A Five-Color Histological Staining Method for Enhanced Intestinal Tissue Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- LoQANT: An ImageJ Plugin for Quantifying Nuclear Staining in Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Elevated antibody binding to striatal cholinergic interneurons in patients with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- EpidermaQuant: Unsupervised Detection and Quantification of Epidermal Differentiation Markers on H-DAB-Stained Images of Reconstructed Human Epidermis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Color Standardization and Stain Intensity Calibration for Whole Slide Image-Based Immunohistochemistry Assessment.Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada · 2024Article
- A Robust Method for the Unsupervised Scoring of Immunohistochemical Staining.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Triple enzymatic immunochemistry for interneuron populations in postmortem human cerebral cortex.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Citrullinated fibrinogen-SAAs complex causes vascular metastagenesis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Pharmacological modulation of TSPO in microglia/macrophages and neurons in a chronic neurodegenerative model of prion disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Galactosidase-catalyzed fluorescence amplification method (GAFAM): sensitive fluorescent immunohistochemistry using novel fluorogenic β-galactosidase substrates and its application in multiplex immunostaining.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2023Article
- Companion diagnostic requirements for spatial biology using multiplex immunofluorescence and multispectral imaging.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Extracellular Vesicle Antibody Microarray for Multiplexed Inner and Outer Protein Analysis.ACS sensors · 2022Article
- An automated pipeline for extracting histological stain area fraction for voxelwise quantitative MRI-histology comparisons.NeuroImage · 2022Article
- Dissecting Tumor-Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer at a Spatial and Multiplex Resolution.Cancers · 2022Review
- A Method for Unsupervised Semi-Quantification of Inmunohistochemical Staining with Beta Divergences.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Validation of a color deconvolution method to quantify MSC tri-lineage differentiation across species.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Comparison of Semi-Quantitative Scoring and Artificial Intelligence Aided Digital Image Analysis of Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry.Biomolecules · 2021Article
- Sympathetic nerve distribution in human lymph nodes.Journal of anatomy · 2021Article
- Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several staining concepts and color combinations exist to perform successful double immunoenzyme staining on human tissue specimens. Most of these concepts are based on differences between both primary antibodies: animal species, mouse Ig isotype or IgG subclasses, conjugates, or concentrations. Traditionally, double immunoenzyme staining has used chromogens selected to provide maximum color contrast when observed with the unaided eye. Unfortunately, visually good color combinations always include at least one diffuse chromogen, because of the paucity of appropriate chromogen colors. This situation is drastically changed with the use of spectral imaging, where multicolor microscopy can be unmixed in individual images based on their spectral characteristics. Spectral unmixing can be performed even up to quadruple immunoenzyme staining. This work contains practical suggestions for immunoenzyme double staining procedures for some frequently encountered primary antibody combinations: rabbit-mouse, goat-mouse, mouse-mouse, and rabbit-rabbit. The suggested protocols are all suitable for a classical red-brown color combination plus blue nuclear counterstain that is composed of peroxidase activity (diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride), alkaline phosphatase activity (Liquid Permanent Red), and hematoxylin, respectively. Although the red and brown chromogens do not contrast very well visually, they both show a crisp localization and can be perfectly unmixed by spectral imaging.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.