ArticleJournal of neurovirology2007
Toll-like receptor pathway gene expression is associated with human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurodegeneration.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Common transcriptional signatures in brain tissue from patients with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2012Pooled it
- Negative Regulation of the IL-1 System by IL-1R2 and IL-1R8: Relevance in Pathophysiology and Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Role of astroglial toll-like receptors (TLRs) in central nervous system infections, injury and neurodegenerative diseases.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Review
- Form follows function: astrocyte morphology and immune dysfunction in SIV neuroAIDS.Journal of neurovirology · 2014Article
- Genetic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic studies of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2014Review
- Systems analysis of human brain gene expression: mechanisms for HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment and common pathways with Alzheimer's disease.BMC medical genomics · 2013Article
- Toll-like receptor signaling in neural plasticity and disease.Trends in neurosciences · 2011Review
- Toll-like receptor expression and activation in astroglia: differential regulation by HIV-1 Tat, gp120, and morphine.Immunological investigations · 2011Article
- The impact of glial activation in the aging brain.Aging and disease · 2010Article
- Pivotal role of TLR4 receptors in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation and brain damage.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2010Article
- Gene expression profiles of HIV-1-infected glia and brain: toward better understanding of the role of astrocytes in HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2010Review
- Neurodegeneration and ageing in the HAART era.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2009Review
- HIV-1 associated dementia: update on pathological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches.Current opinion in neurology · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The innate immune system is a significant component of the brain's defense against infection, especially as the blood-brain barrier restricts access of the members of the adaptive immune system, such as T and B cells. The innate immune system includes Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Within the central nervous system, they are expressed on glial cells and their expression can be modulated by pathological states. Although their function is to recognize foreign pathogens and stimulate a protective immune response through the production of cytokines and interferons, there is emerging evidence that activation of these receptors can result in neurodegeneration. In the current study, the authors assessed the expression of TLR-related genes, using a customized Superarray gene chip, and correlated the expression findings with indices of neurodegeneration. We found that, using a stringent threshold for statistical significance to overcome the potential problem of multiple statistical testing, there were significant correlations between the expression of nine TLR-related genes and reduction in dendritic and synaptic staining. Two of these genes, TLR4 and SIGIRR, were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the authors demonstrated in vitro at the protein level that human primary astrocytes exposed to the toxic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope protein gp120 had a significant increase in TLR4 protein expression. In conclusion, these findings indicate that TLR-related gene expression may contribute to the development of HIV-related neurodegeneration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.