ArticleThe Journal of physiology2008
NKCC1 cotransporter inactivation underlies embryonic development of chloride-mediated inhibition in mouse spinal motoneuron.
Article in The Journal of physiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- The NKCC1 Antagonist Bumetanide, Administered After Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, Mitigates Ethanol-Induced Aberrance in Tangential Migration of GABAergic Interneurons in Mouse Medial Prefrontal Cortex.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Pediatric migraine: Neurodevelopmental mechanisms, clinical phenotypes, and modern therapeutics.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- GABACellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Acceleration of axonal regeneration by GABA/Gly excitation.Anatomical science international · 2026Review
- Characterization of optogenetically activated inhibitory inputs onto cholinergic motor neurons in the spinal dorsolateral nucleus.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- KCC2 enhancers normalize reflex responses and improve locomotor function after chronic spinal cord injury.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Synaptic imbalance and increased inhibition impair motor function in SMA.Science advances · 2025Article
- VEGF, but Not BDNF, Prevents the Downregulation of KCC2 Induced by Axotomy in Extraocular Motoneurons.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Inhibitory Synaptic Influences on Developmental Motor Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Developmental Formation of the GABAergic and Glycinergic Networks in the Mouse Spinal Cord.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Chloride imbalance in Fragile X syndrome.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Synaptic Projections of Motoneurons Within the Spinal Cord.Advances in neurobiology · 2022Article
- Chloride Homeostasis in Developing Motoneurons.Advances in neurobiology · 2022Article
- Article
- NKCC1, an Elusive Molecular Target in Brain Development: Making Sense of the Existing Data.Cells · 2020Review
- Implication of 5-HT in the Dysregulation of Chloride Homeostasis in Prenatal Spinal Motoneurons from the G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Relaxation of synaptic inhibitory events as a compensatory mechanism in fetal SOD spinal motor networks.eLife · 2019Article
- Developmentally regulated KCC2 phosphorylation is essential for dynamic GABA-mediated inhibition and survival.Science signaling · 2019Article
- Persistent Sodium Current Drives Excitability of Immature Renshaw Cells in Early Embryonic Spinal Networks.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
- Vitexin reduces epilepsy after hypoxic ischemia in the neonatal brain via inhibition of NKCC1.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Early in development, GABA and glycine exert excitatory action that turns to inhibition due to modification of the chloride equilibrium potential (E(Cl)) controlled by the KCC2 and NKCC1 transporters. This switch is thought to be due to a late expression of KCC2 associated with a NKCC1 down-regulation. Here, we show in mouse embryonic spinal cord that both KCC2 and NKCC1 are expressed and functional early in development (E11.5-E13.5) when GABA(A) receptor activation induces strong excitatory action. After E15.5, a switch occurs rendering GABA unable to provide excitation. At these subsequent stages, NKCC1 becomes both inactive and less abundant in motoneurons while KCC2 remains functional and hyperpolarizes E(Cl). In conclusion, in contrast to other systems, the cotransporters are concomitantly expressed early in the development of the mouse spinal cord. Moreover, whereas NKCC1 follows a classical functional extinction, KCC2 is highly expressed throughout both early and late embryonic life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.