Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2008
Differential adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy is associated with virological failure with resistance.
Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for improving entry into and retention in care and antiretroviral adherence for persons with HIV: evidence-based recommendations from an International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care panel.Annals of internal medicine · 2012Guideline
- Better adherence with once-daily antiretroviral regimens: a meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2009Pooled it
- Pharmacokinetics and antiviral activity of cabotegravir and rilpivirine in cerebrospinal fluid following long-acting injectable administration in HIV-infected adults.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Trial
- A pilot feasibility and acceptability study of yoga/meditation on the quality of life and markers of stress in persons living with HIV who also use crack cocaine.Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.) · 2015Trial
- Cognitive and field testing of a new set of medication adherence self-report items for HIV care.AIDS and behavior · 2014Trial
- Factors associated with adherence amongst 5295 people receiving antiretroviral therapy as part of an international trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Trial
- Adherence profiles and therapeutic responses of treatment-naive HIV-infected patients starting boosted atazanavir-based therapy in the ANRS 134-COPHAR 3 trial.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2013Trial
- Baseline predictors of ninety percent or higher antiretroviral therapy adherence in a diverse urban sample: the role of patient autonomy and fatalistic religious beliefs.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2011Trial
- Antiretroviral therapy adherence among patients living with HIV/AIDS in Thailand.Nursing & health sciences · 2010Trial
- Antiretroviral medication adherence and class- specific resistance in a large prospective clinical trial.AIDS (London, England) · 2010Trial
- Site nurse-initiated adherence and symptom support telephone calls for HIV-positive individuals starting antiretroviral therapy, ACTG 5031: substudy of ACTG 384.HIV clinical trialsTrial
- Long-Acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine Reduces Immune-Activation and -Senescence in People With HIV With CMV Co-Infection.Immunology · 2026Article
- Dynamic changes of monocytes-related immune activation in people with HIV switching to long-acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Assessment of Failures of Long-acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in a Real-world Treatment Setting.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Assessing HIV-1 subtype C infection dynamics, therapeutic responses and reservoir distribution using a humanized mouse model.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- "We are Getting Those Old People Things." Polypharmacy Management and Medication Adherence Among Adult HIV Patients with Multiple Comorbidities: A Qualitative Study.Patient preference and adherence · 2022Article
- Experiences to date with the logistical management of long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine.Drugs in context · 2022Article
- Electronic Dose Monitoring Identifies a High-Risk Subpopulation in the Treatment of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Defining the optimal cut-point of self-reported ART adherence to achieve viral suppression in the era of contemporary HIV therapy: a cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Article
- Patient-Reported Outcomes in ATLAS and FLAIR Participants on Long-Acting Regimens of Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Over 48 Weeks.AIDS and behavior · 2020Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the occurrence of differential adherence to components of combination antiretroviral therapy and assess its predictors and association with virological failure and antiretroviral medication resistance.
designA secondary analysis of prospective clinical trial data.
methodsThe Flexible Initial Retrovirus Suppressive Therapies study (Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS 058) was a randomized trial comparing non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) versus protease inhibitor (PI) versus NNRTI plus PI-based (three-class) antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected individuals. Adherence was assessed at months 1 and 4, and then every 4 months. Differential adherence, defined as any difference in self-reported level of adherence to individual antiretroviral medications at the same timepoint, was evaluated as a binary time-updated variable in multivariate Cox regression analyses of time to initial virological failure (HIV-RNA > 1000 copies/ml) and initial virological failure with genotypic antiretroviral resistance.
resultsDifferential adherence was reported at least once by 403 of 1379 participants (29%), over 60 months median follow-up. Differential adherence was more commonly reported by participants randomly assigned to the three-class strategy (35%) than the NNRTI (28%) or PI (25%) strategies (P = 0.005), but was not associated with demographic or baseline disease-specific factors. Of those reporting differential adherence, 146 (36%) reported it before initial virological failure. These participants had an increased risk of initial virological failure and initial virological failure with antiretroviral resistance compared with participants without differential adherence before initial virological failure.
conclusionDifferential adherence was commonly reported and was associated with an increased risk of initial virological failure and initial virological failure with antiretroviral resistance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.