ReviewProceedings of the American Thoracic Society2007
Respiratory infections: do we ever recover?
Review in Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Differential activation of NF-Κβ and HIF-1α between fetal liver-derived and myeloid-derived macrophages drives inflammatory differences followingInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Mucosal tissue regulatory T cells are integral in balancing immunity and tolerance at portals of antigen entry.Mucosal immunology · 2022Review
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae P1 Genotype Indicates Severity of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2021Article
- Does tissue imprinting restrict macrophage plasticity?Nature immunology · 2021Review
- The effect of respiratory viruses on immunogenicity and protection induced by a candidate universal influenza vaccine in mice.PloS one · 2019Article
- Stroma: the forgotten cells of innate immune memory.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2018Review
- Clinical characteristics of infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae P1 genotypes in children.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2018Article
- The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes.Journal of immunology research · 2018Review
- Continuous Dual Resetting of the Immune Repertoire as a Basic Principle of the Immune System Function.Journal of immunology research · 2017Review
- Hantaan virus infection induces both Th1 and ThGranzyme B+ cell immune responses that associated with viral control and clinical outcome in humans.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Stop the executioners.Nature immunology · 2015Article
- CD11c⁺ cells primed with unrelated antigens facilitate an accelerated immune response to influenza virus in mice.European journal of immunology · 2014Article
- Early life ozone exposure results in dysregulated innate immune function and altered microRNA expression in airway epithelium.PloS one · 2014Article
- Environmentally determined differences in the murine lung microbiota and their relation to alveolar architecture.PloS one · 2014Article
- Detection of a TLR2 agonist by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells impacts the function of the macrophages they produce.European journal of immunology · 2013Article
- Recombinant influenza virus carrying the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F85-93 CTL epitope reduces RSV replication in mice.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Lactobacillus priming of the respiratory tract: Heterologous immunity and protection against lethal pneumovirus infection.Antiviral research · 2013Article
- A novel outbred mouse model of 2009 pandemic influenza and bacterial co-infection severity.PloS one · 2013Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although the outcome of respiratory infection alters with age, nutritional status, and immunologic competence, there is a growing body of evidence that we all develop a unique but subtle inflammatory profile. This uniqueness is determined by the sequence of infections or antigenic insults encountered that permanently mold our lungs through experience. This experience and learning process forms the basis of immunologic memory that is attributed to the acquired immune system. But what happens if the pathogen is not homologous to any preceding it? In the absence of cross-specific acquired immunity, one would expect a response similar to that of a subject who had never been infected with anything before. It is now clear that this is not the case. Prior inflammation in the respiratory tract alters immunity and pathology to subsequent infections even when they are antigenically distinct. Furthermore, the influence of the first infection is long lasting, not dependent on the presence of T and B cells, and effective against disparate pathogen combinations. We have used the term "innate imprinting" to explain this phenomenon, although innate education may be a closer description. This educational process, by sequential waves of infection, may be beneficial, as shown for successive viral infections, or significantly worse, as illustrated by the increased susceptibly to life-threatening bacterial pneumonia in patients infected with seasonal and pandemic influenza. We now examine what these long-term changes involve, the likely cell populations affected, and what this means to those studying inflammatory disorders in the lung.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.