ArticleJournal of bacteriology2008
Phage response to CRISPR-encoded resistance in Streptococcus thermophilus.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 663 papers.
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663 citing papers in PubMed, 1,239 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Computational tool choice impacts CRISPR spacer-protospacer detection.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
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- Phage satellites induced by virulent phages are mobilized by natural competence leading to phage resistance in a new host.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Diversity and prevalence of dairy streptococcal phages in two European dairy fermentation facilities over a one-year period.Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Emerging CRISPR Approaches for Countering Immune Evasion: Insight from Recent Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Structural basis for inhibition of SpyCas9 by the anti-CRISPR protein AcrIIA26.The Biochemical journal · 2026Article
- LysR-type regulator LrhA promotes CRISPR-Cas immunity in Escherichia coli.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Enhanced editing ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Phage induction of Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity islands promotes the CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune response.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Engineering Mutation Clones in Mammalian Cells with CRISPR/Cas9.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Phylogenomic analysis of Paracidovorax citrulli strains reveals the presence of two lineages in Brazil.Genetics and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Structure of defense against restriction proteins DarA and Hdf in phage P1 reveals a new molecular mechanism during phage assembly, infection and DNA ejection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
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- In silico approaches for discovering microbial antiviral defense systems.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Review
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- CRISPR adaptation inmSphere · 2025Article
603 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and their associated genes are linked to a mechanism of acquired resistance against bacteriophages. Bacteria can integrate short stretches of phage-derived sequences (spacers) within CRISPR loci to become phage resistant. In this study, we further characterized the efficiency of CRISPR1 as a phage resistance mechanism in Streptococcus thermophilus. First, we show that CRISPR1 is distinct from previously known phage defense systems and is effective against the two main groups of S. thermophilus phages. Analyses of 30 bacteriophage-insensitive mutants of S. thermophilus indicate that the addition of one new spacer in CRISPR1 is the most frequent outcome of a phage challenge and that the iterative addition of spacers increases the overall phage resistance of the host. The added new spacers have a size of between 29 to 31 nucleotides, with 30 being by far the most frequent. Comparative analysis of 39 newly acquired spacers with the complete genomic sequences of the wild-type phages 2972, 858, and DT1 demonstrated that the newly added spacer must be identical to a region (named proto-spacer) in the phage genome to confer a phage resistance phenotype. Moreover, we found a CRISPR1-specific sequence (NNAGAAW) located downstream of the proto-spacer region that is important for the phage resistance phenotype. Finally, we show through the analyses of 20 mutant phages that virulent phages are rapidly evolving through single nucleotide mutations as well as deletions, in response to CRISPR1.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.