Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18053122›Full record

ArticleImplementation science : IS2007

A conceptual framework for implementation fidelity.

Christopher Carroll, Malcolm Patterson, Stephen Wood, Andrew Booth, Jo Rick, Shashi Balain

4 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Implementation science : IS, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,030 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,030citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03993574 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Feasibility of a Stroke Specific Self-management Program

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe University of Texas Medical Branch, GalvestonRan2019 to 2022Enrolled28ConditionsStroke, Chronic ConditionsArmsSelf- management program, Standard care
NCT05019131 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Addressing Provider Stress and Unconscious Bias to Improve Quality of Maternal Health Care

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2021 to 2023Enrolled83ConditionsMaternal Health, Mental Health, Healthcare Provider, Adverse OutcomesArmsTraining, Peer support and mentorship, Leadership engagement, Embedded champions
NCT06085105 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Caring for Providers to Improve Patient Experience (CPIPE) Study: A Cluster Randomized-controlled Trial to Assess the Impact of the CPIPE Intervention on Person-centered Maternity Care

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2024 to 2026Enrolled6,379ConditionsStress, Psychological, Maternal Health, Healthcare Provider, Adverse OutcomesArmsCPIPE Training, Peer support groups, Mentorship, Leadership engagement, Embedded champions
NCT07654660 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Study Protocol for a Multicenter Controlled Trial Comparing Multimodal Conservative Intervention Versus Surgical Management in Chronic Refractory Plantar Fasciopathy

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad Europea de ValenciaRan2026 to 2028Enrolled120ConditionsChronic Refractory Plantar FasciopathyArmsMultimodal Conservative Intervention, Endoscopic Plantar Fascial Release
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1,030 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  10. Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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970 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Christopher CarrollSchool of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. c.carroll@shef.ac.uk
Malcolm Patterson
Stephen Wood
Andrew Booth
Jo Rick
Shashi Balain

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImplementation fidelity refers to the degree to which an intervention or programme is delivered as intended. Only by understanding and measuring whether an intervention has been implemented with fidelity can researchers and practitioners gain a better understanding of how and why an intervention works, and the extent to which outcomes can be improved. DISCUSSION: The authors undertook a critical review of existing conceptualisations of implementation fidelity and developed a new conceptual framework for understanding and measuring the process. The resulting theoretical framework requires testing by empirical research. SUMMARY: Implementation fidelity is an important source of variation affecting the credibility and utility of research. The conceptual framework presented here offers a means for measuring this variable and understanding its place in the process of intervention implementation.

Identifiers

PMID18053122
PMCPMC2213686

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.