ArticleThe Biochemical journal2008
Hepcidin expression in mouse retina and its regulation via lipopolysaccharide/Toll-like receptor-4 pathway independent of Hfe.
Article in The Biochemical journal, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ferroptosis in diabetic retinopathy: cellular heterogeneity, progression, and therapeutic targets.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis and microglial polarization in retinal vein occlusion: pathological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Iron: More than Meets the Eye.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Ferroptosis: An Energetic Villain of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Hepcidin and Tissue-Specific Iron Regulatory Networks.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Hepatocyte activation and liver injury following cerebral ischemia promote HMGB1-mediated hepcidin upregulation in hepatocytes and regulation of systemic iron levels.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Iron chelators: as therapeutic agents in diseases.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- HMGB1 induces hepcidin upregulation in astrocytes and causes an acute iron surge and subsequent ferroptosis in the postischemic brain.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Does Hepcidin Tuning Have a Role among Emerging Treatments for Thalassemia?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- The role of lipopolysaccharides in diabetic retinopathy.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Article
- Canonical Wnt Signaling in the Pathology of Iron Overload-Induced Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Diseases.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
- Release of Iron-Loaded Ferritin in Sodium Iodate-Induced Model of Age Related Macular Degeneration: An In-Vitro and In-Vivo Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Iron Accumulation and Lipid Peroxidation in the Aging Retina: Implication of Ferroptosis in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Aging and disease · 2021Review
- Effects of Excess Iron on the Retina: Insights From Clinical Cases and Animal Models of Iron Disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Retinal Degeneration and Alzheimer's Disease: An Evolving Link.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Review
- TGFβ2-Hepcidin Feed-Forward Loop in the Trabecular Meshwork Implicates Iron in Glaucomatous Pathology.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Fenofibrate prevents iron induced activation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin and oxidative stress signaling in the retina.NPJ aging and mechanisms of disease · 2020Article
- Local synthesis of hepcidin in the anterior segment of the eye: A novel observation with physiological and pathological implications.Experimental eye research · 2020Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hepcidin is a hormone central to the regulation of iron homeostasis in the body. It is believed to be produced exclusively by the liver. Ferroportin, an iron exporter, is the receptor for hepcidin. This transporter/receptor is expressed in Müller cells, photoreceptor cells and the RPE (retinal pigment epithelium) within the retina. Since the retina is protected by the retinal-blood barriers, we asked whether ferroportin in the retina is regulated by hepcidin in the circulation or whether the retina produces hepcidin for regulation of its own iron homeostasis. Here we show that hepcidin is expressed robustly in Müller cells, photoreceptor cells and RPE cells, closely resembling the expression pattern of ferroportin. We also show that bacterial LPS (lipopolysaccharide) is a regulator of hepcidin expression in Müller cells and the RPE, both in vitro and in vivo, and that the regulation occurs at the transcriptional level. The action of LPS on hepcidin expression is mediated by the TLR4 (Toll-like receptor-4). The upregulation of hepcidin by LPS occurs independent of Hfe (human leukocyte antigen-like protein involved in Fe homeostasis). The increase in hepcidin levels in retinal cells in response to LPS treatment is associated with a decrease in ferroportin levels. The LPS-induced upregulation of hepcidin and consequent down-regulation of ferroportin is associated with increased oxidative stress and apoptosis within the retina in vivo. We conclude that retinal iron homeostasis may be regulated in an autonomous manner by hepcidin generated within the retina and that chronic bacterial infection/inflammation of the retina may disrupt iron homeostasis and retinal function.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.