ReviewJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2006
Blood-brain barrier: structural components and function under physiologic and pathologic conditions.
Review in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 437 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
437 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 891 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabinoids, the Blood-Brain Barrier, and Neurodegeneration: Mechanisms, Dysregulation, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Pooled it
- Demystifying the potential of lipid-based nanocarriers in targeting brain malignancies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Pathological mechanisms and future therapeutic directions of thrombin in intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Edaravone-loaded ROS-responsive nanosystem for targeted ischemic stroke therapy by crossing the gut-brain barrier.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- IFN-γ protects the human blood-brain barrier from Toxoplasma gondii-mediated dysfunction via CCL2 suppression.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cells in stroke inflammation: Therapeutic perspectives.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Recent advances towards BACE1 drug discovery and therapeutics design.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Memory impairment and chronic high-dose Δ9-THC/cannabis exposure: a narrative review of molecular mechanisms underlying neurotoxic effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Cyclodextrin-Based Strategies for Brain Drug Delivery: Mechanistic Insights into Blood-Brain Barrier Transport and Therapeutic Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Nrf2 activator peptide protects the brain from cerebral vascular dysfunction in alcohol ingestion.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Junctions, Transporters, and Interactions of Endothelial Cells: Regulation by Ethanol.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Measuring blood-brain barrier dysfunction: a critical appraisal of fluid biomarkers, in vitro models, in vivo imaging, and post-mortem approaches.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- HIV Infection, Neurotoxicity, Inflammation, Premature Aging, and Therapeutic Challenges to PLWH: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Exploring the role of infectious pathogens in Alzheimer's disease neuroinflammation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as immunomodulatory agents: targeting pathological crosstalk in systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Computed tomography-derived KNeuroradiology · 2025Observational
- Carvacrol improves neurological function by inhibiting TRPM7-mediated BBB disruption and hemorrhage after TBI.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Enterococcus-derived cytolysin exacerbates ischemic stroke by disrupting the blood-brain barrier via NLRP3 activation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Integrated molecular and ADME-toxicity profiling identifies PGV-5 and HGV-5 as potential agents to counteract multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Perinatal Neuroprotection in Preterm Birth.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2025Article
377 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the specialized system of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) that shields the brain from toxic substances in the blood, supplies brain tissues with nutrients, and filters harmful compounds from the brain back to the bloodstream. The close interaction between BMVEC and other components of the neurovascular unit (astrocytes, pericytes, neurons, and basement membrane) ensures proper function of the central nervous system (CNS). Transport across the BBB is strictly limited through both physical (tight junctions) and metabolic barriers (enzymes, diverse transport systems). A functional polarity exists between the luminal and abluminal membrane surfaces of the BMVEC. As a result of restricted permeability, the BBB is a limiting factor for the delivery of therapeutic agents into the CNS. BBB breakdown or alterations in transport systems play an important role in the pathogenesis of many CNS diseases (HIV-1 encephalitis, Alzheimer's disease, ischemia, tumors, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease). Proinflammatory substances and specific disease-associated proteins often mediate such BBB dysfunction. Despite seemingly diverse underlying causes of BBB dysfunction, common intracellular pathways emerge for the regulation of the BBB structural and functional integrity. Better understanding of tight junction regulation and factors affecting transport systems will allow the development of therapeutics to improve the BBB function in health and disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.