ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy1991
Effects of amphotericin B and fluconazole on the extracellular and intracellular growth of Candida albicans.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1991. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetics of conventional formulation versus fat emulsion formulation of amphotericin B in a group of patients with neutropenia.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1996Trial
- Eradication of Candida albicans persister cell biofilm by the membranotropic peptide gH625.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Fungal persister cells: The basis for recalcitrant infections?PLoS pathogens · 2018Review
- Nonspecific effect of Mycograb on amphotericin B MIC.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2012Article
- Combination antifungal therapy.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2004Review
- Influence of human serum on antifungal pharmacodynamics with Candida albicans.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2001Article
- A new azole derivative of 1,4-benzothiazine increases the antifungal mechanisms of natural effector cells.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1999Article
- Accumulation of amphotericin B in human macrophages enhances activity against Aspergillus fumigatus conidia: quantification of conidial kill at the single-cell level.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1998Article
- Activity of liposomal amphotericin B with prolonged circulation in blood versus those of AmBisome and fungizone against intracellular Candida albicans in murine peritoneal macrophages.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1998Article
- In vitro interaction between amphotericin B and azoles in Candida albicans.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1996Article
- Treatment of exogenous Candida endophthalmitis in rabbits with oral fluconazole.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1995Article
- Improved detection of Candida albicans by PCR in blood of neutropenic mice with systemic candidiasis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 1995Article
- Antagonistic effects of fluconazole and 5-fluorocytosine on candidacidal action of amphotericin B in human serum.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1994Article
- Aerosolized amphotericin B-liposomes for treatment of systemic Candida infections in mice.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1994Article
- Effects of antifungal therapy on inflammation, sterilization, and histology in experimental Candida albicans meningitis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1994Article
- Novel aspect of amphotericin B action: accumulation in human monocytes potentiates killing of phagocytosed Candida albicans.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 1994Article
- Liposomal and lipid formulations of amphotericin B. Clinical pharmacokinetics.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 1992Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The effects of amphotericin B and fluconazole on the extracellular and intracellular growth of Candida albicans were studied. With respect to the extracellular growth of C. albicans, antifungal activity was measured in terms of MICs and minimal fungicidal concentrations as well as by determination of the concentration that effectively killed (greater than 99.9%) C. albicans in the absence or presence (amphotericin B only) of serum. Amphotericin B was highly active in terms of killing, even at an increased inoculum size. In the presence of serum, amphotericin B activity was substantially reduced. For fluconazole, activity was restricted to inhibition of fungal growth, even after the inoculum size was reduced. With respect to the intracellular growth of C. albicans, antifungal activity was measured by using monolayers of murine peritoneal macrophages infected with C. albicans and was measured in terms of inhibition of germ tube formation as well as effective killing (greater than 99%) of C. albicans. Amphotericin B was highly active against C. albicans. At an increased ratio of infection, amphotericin B activity was slightly reduced. Fluconazole had no antifungal activity. Neither a reduction in the ratio of infection nor exposure of C. albicans to fluconazole prior to macrophage ingestion resulted in activity against intracellular C. albicans by fluconazole. Previous exposure of C. albicans to amphotericin B resulted in increased intracellular activity of amphotericin B. The intracellular antifungal activity of the combination of fluconazole with amphotericin B was less than that of amphotericin B alone. Amphotericin B showed fungicidal activity against C. albicans growing both extracellularly and intracellularly, whereas fluconazole inhibited growth only of extracellular C. albicans. A slight antagonistic effect between fluconazole and amphotericin B was found with respect to intracellular as well as extracellular C. albicans.
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