ArticleHormones and behavior2008
Blocks and bodies: sex differences in a novel version of the Mental Rotations Test.
Article in Hormones and behavior, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stimulus-specific influence of gender on mental-rotation-related brain activity.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- A Behavioral and fNIRS Comparative Study of Gender and Task Differences in Mental Rotation Among Primary Students.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- The influence of the design of mental rotation trials on performance and possible differences between sexes: A theoretical review and experimental investigation.Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) · 2024Review
- Axial rotation affects the cognitive characteristics of spatial ability.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Beyond Gender: Interoceptive Sensibility as a Key Predictor of Body Image Disturbances.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Influence of the stimulus material on gender differences in a mental-rotation test.Psychological research · 2021Article
- Developmental Trajectories in Spatial Visualization and Mental Rotation in Individuals with Down Syndrome.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Living Up to a Name: Gender Role Behavior Varies With Forename Gender Typicality.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Brain Encoding of Social Approach: Is it Associated With Spatial Ability?Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2019Article
- Do Gender-Related Stereotypes Affect Spatial Performance? Exploring When, How and to Whom Using a Chronometric Two-Choice Mental Rotation Task.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
- Framing the figure: Mental rotation revisited in light of cognitive strategies.Memory & cognition · 2017Article
- Sex differences in chronometric mental rotation with human bodies.Psychological research · 2016Article
- Keeping It in Three Dimensions: Measuring the Development of Mental Rotation in Children with the Rotated Colour Cube Test (RCCT).International journal of developmental science · 2015Article
- No sex differences in the TAMI.Cognitive processing · 2015Article
- Reading as functional coordination: not recycling but a novel synthesis.Frontiers in psychology · 2014Article
- Mental rotation performance in soccer players and gymnasts in an object-based mental rotation task.Advances in cognitive psychology · 2013Article
- Sex differences in the brain: the relation between structure and function.Hormones and behavior · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A novel version of the Mental Rotations Test (MRT) that alternated the standard block figures with three-dimensional human figures was administered to 99 men and 129 women. Women and men differed predictably in their retrospective reports of childhood play and digit ratios, a putative measure of prenatal androgen action. Compared to the block figure items, human figure items on the modified MRT were associated with an improvement in performance in both sexes. However, consistent with the study hypothesis, the enhancing effect of the human figure condition on performance as measured by conventional scores was smaller in men compared to women and not at all evident in men when performance was measured by ratio scores. A closer inspection of the human figures effects on test scores showed performance in women improved for both male and female figure items. In contrast, relative to scores on block figure items, performance in men improved when stimuli were male figures but did not improve when stimuli were female figures. These results add to the evidence that the magnitude of sex differences in scores on the MRT may vary according to the test content and item properties. The findings suggest that online measures of cognitive processing in response to different classes of test stimuli (e.g., animate vs. inanimate objects, self-relevant vs. neutral stimuli) may prove useful in research aimed at understanding the hormonal and social factors contributing to the sex difference in performance on the MRT.
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Registered trials
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