ArticlePLoS pathogens2007
Chronic HIV-1 infection frequently fails to protect against superinfection.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Failure of AIDS Vaccine Efficacy Trials: Where to Go from Here.Journal of virology · 2023Trial
- Dynamics of HIV DNA reservoir seeding in a cohort of superinfected Kenyan women.PLoS pathogens · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Limited HIV-1 superinfection in seroconverters from the CAPRISA 004 Microbicide Trial.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Trial
- HIV-1 superinfection occurs less frequently than initial infection in a cohort of high-risk Kenyan women.PLoS pathogens · 2013Trial
- An intervention to assist men who have sex with men disclose their serostatus to casual sex partners: results from a pilot study.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2009Trial
- HIV superinfection reveals sequential reservoir reactivation and immune-driven rebound dynamics.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- HIV Superinfection in Kidney Transplant Recipients With HIV Who Received Organs From Donors With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- AIDS mortality in Brazil, 2012-2022: a time series study.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Drug Resistance, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Superinfection Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 075 Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Portrayed against HIV: Contrary Viral Strategies in Similar Disguise.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Defective HIV-1 envelope gene promotes the evolution of the infectious strain through recombination in vitro.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Southern African HIV Clinicians Society guidelines for solid organ transplantation in human immunodeficiency virus: An evidence-based framework for human immunodeficiency virus-positive donors and recipients.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2020Article
- A recombinant herpesviral vector containing a near-full-length SIVmac239 genome produces SIV particles and elicits immune responses to all nine SIV gene products.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Model-based estimation of superinfection prevalence from limited datasets.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2018Article
- Immunological and virological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 superinfection: implications in vaccine design.Frontiers of medicine · 2017Review
- Increased HIV-1 superinfection risk in carriers of specific human leukocyte antigen alleles.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Article
- Comprehensive Characterization of Humoral Correlates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Superinfection Acquisition in High-risk Kenyan Women.EBioMedicine · 2017Article
- SPMM: estimating infection duration of multivariant HIV-1 infections.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2016Article
- Promise and problems associated with the use of recombinant AAV for the delivery of anti-HIV antibodies.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2016Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Reports of HIV-1 superinfection (re-infection) have demonstrated that the immune response generated against one strain of HIV-1 does not always protect against other strains. However, studies to determine the incidence of HIV-1 superinfection have yielded conflicting results. Furthermore, few studies have attempted to identify superinfection cases occurring more than a year after initial infection, a time when HIV-1-specific immune responses would be most likely to have developed. We screened a cohort of high-risk Kenyan women for HIV-1 superinfection by comparing partial gag and envelope sequences over a 5-y period beginning at primary infection. Among 36 individuals, we detected seven cases of superinfection, including cases in which both viruses belonged to the same HIV-1 subtype, subtype A. In five of these cases, the superinfecting strain was detected in only one of the two genome regions examined, suggesting that recombination frequently occurs following HIV-1 superinfection. In addition, we found that superinfection occurred throughout the course of the first infection: during acute infection in two cases, between 1-2 y after infection in three cases, and as late as 5 y after infection in two cases. Our results indicate that superinfection commonly occurs after the immune response against the initial infection has had time to develop and mature. Implications from HIV-1 superinfection cases, in which natural re-exposure leads to re-infection, will need to be considered in developing strategies for eliciting protective immunity to HIV-1.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.