ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2008
Regulation of basal tone, relaxation and contraction of the lower oesophageal sphincter. Relevance to drug discovery for oesophageal disorders.
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06027190 (To Investigate the Clinical Efficacy of Optical 3D Navigation Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
To Investigate the Clinical Efficacy of Optical 3D Navigation Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Treatment of Achalasia, Optimize the Treatment Parameters, and Provide a Noninvasive Treatment Strategy for Achalasia
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of gastroesophageal reflux in patients during anesthesia induction: a high-resolution impedance manometry study.Die Anaesthesiologie · 2025Trial
- Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Cats During Anesthesia and Effect of Omeprazole on Gastric pH.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2017Trial
- A phase 1 randomized study evaluating the effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 agonist, revexepride (SSP-002358), in healthy adults.Drug design, development and therapy · 2015Trial
- Advances in Understanding Calcium Sensitization in Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscles: Pathways, Interstitial Cells, and Disease.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Review
- Reflux Testing: Wireless pH, Impedance-pH, and Mucosal Impedance.Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Genetic evidence for amlodipine's protective role in gastroesophageal reflux disease: A focus on CACNB2.PloS one · 2025Article
- Thiamine, gastrointestinal beriberi and acetylcholine signaling.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Perioperative management protocol for pediatric endoluminal functional lumen imaging probe in esophageal motility disorders.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2024Article
- CaThe Journal of physiology · 2022Article
- Neurotransmitters responsible for purinergic motor neurotransmission and regulation of GI motility.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2021Article
- Tissue engineering of the gastroesophageal junction.Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2020Review
- Long-Chain Fatty Acid Receptors Mediate Relaxation of the Porcine Lower Esophageal Sphincter.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- The effect of platelet-rich plasma on motility changes in experimental caustic esophageal burn.Esophagus : official journal of the Japan Esophageal Society · 2018Article
- Improvement of atropine on esophagogastric junction observation during sedative esophagogastroduodenoscopy.PloS one · 2017Article
- The Histochemistry and Cell Biology omnium-gatherum: the year 2015 in review.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2016Review
- Bioengineered Human Pyloric Sphincters Using Autologous Smooth Muscle and Neural Progenitor Cells.Tissue engineering. Part A · 2016Article
- Salvia miltiorrhiza Induces Tonic Contraction of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter in Rats via Activation of Extracellular Ca2+ Influx.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Article
- Pleiotropic effect of the proton pump inhibitor esomeprazole leading to suppression of lung inflammation and fibrosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2015Article
- Excitatory and inhibitory enteric innervation of horse lower esophageal sphincter.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2015Article
- Dysphagia: current reality and scope of the problem.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) is a specialized region of the oesophageal circular smooth muscle that allows the passage of a swallowed bolus to the stomach and prevents the reflux of gastric contents into the oesophagus. The anatomical arrangement of the LOS includes semicircular clasp fibres adjacent to the lesser gastric curvature and sling fibres following the greater gastric curvature. Such anatomical arrangement together with an asymmetric intrinsic innervation and distinct proportion of neurotransmitters in both regions produces an asymmetric pressure profile. The LOS tone is myogenic in origin and depends on smooth muscle properties that lead to opening of L-type Ca(2+) channels; however it can be modulated by enteric motor neurons, the parasympathetic and sympathetic extrinsic nervous system and several neurohumoral substances. Nitric oxide synthesized by neuronal NOS is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in LOS relaxation. Different putative neurotransmitters have been proposed to play a role together with NO. So far, only ATP or related purines have shown to be co-transmitters with NO. Acetylcholine and tachykinins are involved in the LOS contraction acting through acetylcholine M(3) and tachykinin NK(2) receptors. Nitric oxide can also be involved in the regulation of LOS contraction. The understanding of the mechanisms that originate and modulate LOS tone, relaxation and contraction and the characterization of neurotransmitters and receptors involved in LOS function are important to develop new pharmacological tools to treat primary oesophageal motor disorders and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.