ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2007
Dysregulated Epstein-Barr virus infection in the multiple sclerosis brain.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05245344 (Effects of Ozanimod on Immune-mediated Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis - a Preclinical Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 321 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Ozanimod on Immune-mediated Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis - a Preclinical Study
Who cites it
321 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 743 citations in OpenAlex.
- Repurposing Licensed Drugs with Activity Against Epstein-Barr Virus for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Approach.CNS drugs · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the sero-epidemiological association between Epstein-Barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2015Pooled it
- Molecular mimicry between Anoctamin 2 and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 associates with multiple sclerosis risk.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Trial
- Multiple Sclerosis and Viruses: « Liaisons Dangereuses ».Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Interpreting Viral Associations in Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanistic Insights into Virus-Driven Autoimmunity.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- CD4Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- EBV-informed multi-omics target prioritization and structure-based drug repurposing reveal potential therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Viral associations in multiple sclerosis: pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles from wild-type Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cells export host DNA and EBV EBER1.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation as a result of non-neurotropic herpesvirus infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Large-scale antibody reactome profiling identifies herpesvirus-autoantigen associations underlying chronic diseases.Research square · 2026Article
- A System-Level Perspective on Epstein-Barr Virus Persistence: The Partial Lytic Reactivation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- EBV Dysregulation Is Associated With Immune Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence From Integrated Viral and Host Analyses.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- B-cell abundance in perivascular cuffs associates with local lesion activity in multiple sclerosis.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- The CNS Meninges and the Synovial Joint: Parallel Immunological Structures in Autoimmune Disease.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Latent, Lytic, and Linked to Multiple Sclerosis-How EBV Drives Autoimmunity.European journal of immunology · 2026Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor T‑cell therapy in chronic viral infections: a review.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Cellular Immunotherapies for Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Advances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
261 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous B-lymphotropic herpesvirus, has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), but direct proof of its involvement in the disease is still missing. To test the idea that MS might result from perturbed EBV infection in the CNS, we investigated expression of EBV markers in postmortem brain tissue from MS cases with different clinical courses. Contrary to previous studies, we found evidence of EBV infection in a substantial proportion of brain-infiltrating B cells and plasma cells in nearly 100% of the MS cases examined (21 of 22), but not in other inflammatory neurological diseases. Ectopic B cell follicles forming in the cerebral meninges of some cases with secondary progressive MS were identified as major sites of EBV persistence. Expression of viral latent proteins was regularly observed in MS brains, whereas viral reactivation appeared restricted to ectopic B cell follicles and acute lesions. Activation of CD8+ T cells with signs of cytotoxicity toward plasma cells was also noted at sites of major accumulations of EBV-infected cells. Whether homing of EBV-infected B cells to the CNS is a primary event in MS development or the consequence of a still unknown disease-related process, we interpret these findings as evidence that EBV persistence and reactivation in the CNS play an important role in MS immunopathology.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.