ReviewDrugs2007
Continuous-use ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel 20microg/90microg: as an oral contraceptive.
Review in Drugs, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- A combined oral contraceptive affects mucosal SHIV susceptibility factors in a pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) model.Journal of medical primatology · 2015Article
- New low-dose, extended-cycle pills with levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol: an evolutionary step in birth control.International journal of women's health · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The continuous-use combination oral contraceptive ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel 20microg/90microg suppresses gonadotropins, and subsequently ovulation and endometrial thickening, and suppresses breakthrough bleeding. Amenorrhoea and absence of breakthrough bleeding increase in incidence with extended administration. The pregnancy rate attributable to method failure in a large noncomparative trial of healthy, sexually active (aged 18-49 years) women during treatment with ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel 20microg/90microg for 12 months was 15 per 2134 women (adjusted Pearl Index 1.26 per 100 women-years of use). There were no differences in pregnancy rates over 12 months between continuous-use ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel 20microg/90microg and cyclical ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel 20microg/100microg in a smaller, randomised, nonblind trial. Adverse menstrual cycle-related symptoms were significantly improved with administration of continuous-use ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel 20microg/90microg in a noncomparative trial. In small trials, hormonal and ultrasound changes indicative of reinstated ovulation occurred within a month of discontinuation of the drug, and menstruation began again in most women within 90 days. The incidence of adverse effects was similar in continuous-use and cyclical regimens of ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel (20microg/90microg vs 20microg/100microg).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.