ArticleEpidemiology and infection2008
Trends in incidence of pneumococcal disease before introduction of conjugate vaccine: South West England, 1996-2005.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Coverage With Pneumococcal Meningitis: An Analysis of French Administrative Areas, 2001-2016.American journal of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates from Adults in Korea from 1997 to 2012.Journal of Korean medical science · 2016Article
- Vaccination Drives Changes in Metabolic and Virulence Profiles of Streptococcus pneumoniae.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Pneumococcal empyema and complicated pneumonias: global trends in incidence, prevalence, and serotype epidemiology.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2014Review
- Pneumococcal serotypes in children in 4 European countries.Emerging infectious diseases · 2010Article
- Effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 2 years after its introduction, the Netherlands.Emerging infectious diseases · 2010Article
- Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children and older adults in the north of Spain before and after the introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2009Article
- Temporal trends of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes and antimicrobial resistance patterns in Spain from 1979 to 2007.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate and polysaccharide vaccines into the United Kingdom's routine immunization programmes is expected to change the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We have documented the epidemiology of IPD in an English region (South West) with high-quality surveillance data before these programmes were established. We analysed data on isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from blood and CSF between 1996 and 2005 from microbiology laboratories in the South West that were reported and/or referred for serotyping to the Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections. The mean annual incidence of IPD increased from 11.2/100 000 in 1996 to 13.6/100 000 in 2005 (P<0.04). After adjusting for annual blood-culture sampling rates in hospitals serving the same catchment populations, an increase in annual incidence of IPD was no longer observed (P=1.0). Variation in overall incidence between laboratories could also be explained by variation in blood culture rates. The proportion of disease caused by serotypes 6B, 9V and 14 decreased significantly (P=0.001, P=0.007, and P=0.027 respectively) whereas that caused by serotype 4, 7F and 1 increased (P=0.001, P=0.003, and P<0.001 respectively) between 2000 and 2005. The level of penicillin non-susceptibility and resistance to erythromycin remained stable (2% and 12% respectively). This study provides an important baseline to assess the impact of changing vaccination programmes on the epidemiology of IPD, thus informing future use of pneumococcal vaccines.
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