ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2007
Immune reconstitution in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children with different virological responses to anti-retroviral therapy.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of intestinal mucosal integrity in HIV transmission to infants through breast-feeding: the BAN study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Trial
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- The immunological and virological consequences of planned treatment interruptions in children with HIV infection.PloS one · 2013Trial
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- Plasma levels of bacterial DNA correlate with immune activation and the magnitude of immune restoration in persons with antiretroviral-treated HIV infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2009Trial
- Lower immune senescence of T cell subsets among virologically suppressed Chinese men who have sex with men living with HIV in comparison with those ART naive.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Plasma galectin-9 relates to cognitive performance and inflammation among adolescents with vertically acquired HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2024Article
- Determinants of Immunovirological Response among Children and Adolescents Living with HIV-1 in the Central Region of Cameroon.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- The Burden of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Its Determinants among Adult HIV-Positive Individuals in Ethiopia.Viruses · 2023Article
- High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected individuals in comparison with the general population across Punjab province, Pakistan.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- The role of CD38 in HIV infection.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Review
- Long-term clinical, virological and immunological outcomes following planned treatment interruption in HIV-infected children.HIV medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Differential Pathogen-Specific Immune Reconstitution in Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Microbial Translocation Does Not Drive Immune Activation in Ugandan Children Infected With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Immune activation despite preserved CD4 T cells in perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents.PloS one · 2017Article
- Impact of monotherapy on HIV-1 reservoir, immune activation, and co-infection with Epstein-Barr virus.PloS one · 2017Article
- Impact of Vaccination on Distribution of T Cell Subsets in Antiretroviral-Treated HIV-Infected Children.Disease markers · 2017Article
- Differences in virologic and immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-1-infected infants and children.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
- Premature aging and immune senescence in HIV-infected children.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune repopulation, despite virological failure, often occurs in children under highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of immune repopulation and activation in children with and without virological response to HAART. Fourteen human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected children with suppression of HIV-1 plasma viraemia (virological responders, VR) and 16 virological non-responders (VNR) to therapy were studied at baseline and after approximately 2 years of HAART. During therapy, CD4+ T cells increased in both groups, but were higher in the VR than in the VNR group. All CD4+ T cell subsets (naive, central memory, effector/memory and CD38+) increased significantly in VR children, while there was a significant increase only in naive cells in VNR children. Naive CD8+ T cells and T cell receptor rearrangement excision circles (TREC), an indicator of thymic output, increased in both VR and VNR children. Activated CD8+ CD38+ T cells decreased in VR but remained high in VNR children. Levels of circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an indicator of microbial translocation, further increased in VNR children. In conclusion, HAART induced an increase in naive cells in all children, regardless of their virological response. However, the persistence of viraemia resulted in an impaired expansion of memory CD4+ T cells susceptible to HIV-1 infection, and together with the microbial translocation sustained the persistence of a high level of immune activation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.