SynthesisThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews2007
Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation.
Synthesis in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of possible serious adverse health effects of nicotine replacement therapy.Archives of toxicology · 2017Pooled it
- Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2009Pooled it
- Trial
- A pilot study of the efficacy of varenicline for the treatment of smokeless tobacco users in Midwestern United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2011Trial
- Stopping smokeless tobacco with varenicline: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2010Trial
- A randomized clinical trial of nicotine lozenge for smokeless tobacco use.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2009Trial
- Evaluating the Effects of Varenicline on Craving, Withdrawal, and Affect in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Varenicline for Smokeless Tobacco Dependence in India.Journal of psychoactive drugsTrial
- Trends in tobacco consumption in India 1987-2016: impact of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.International journal of public health · 2019Article
- Behaviour change intervention for smokeless tobacco cessation: its development, feasibility and fidelity testing in Pakistan and in the UK.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Prenatal tobacco prevention and cessation interventions for women in low- and middle-income countries.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2010Review
- Treating tobacco dependence in a medical setting.CA: a cancer journal for cliniciansArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUse of smokeless tobacco (ST) can lead to nicotine addiction and long-term use can lead to health problems including periodontal disease and cancer.
objectivesTo assess the effects of behavioural and pharmacologic interventions for the treatment of ST use. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Dissertation Abstracts Online, and Scopus. Date of last search: March, 2007. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized trials of behavioural or pharmacological interventions to help users of ST to quit with follow up of at least six months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data. MAIN
resultsTwo trials of bupropion SR did not detect a benefit of treatment at six months or longer (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.86, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.47 to 1.57). Four trials of nicotine patch did not detect a benefit (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.54), nor did two trials of nicotine gum (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.63). There was statistical heterogeneity among the results of 12 behavioural interventions included in the meta-analyses. Six trials showed significant benefits of intervention. In post-hoc subgroup analyses, behavioural interventions which include telephone counselling or an oral examination may increase abstinence rates more than interventions without these components. AUTHORS'
conclusionsBehavioural interventions should be used to help ST users to quit and telephone counselling or an oral examination may increase abstinence rates. Pharmacotherapies have not been shown to affect long-term abstinence.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.