ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2007
Elevated level of SUMOylated IRF-1 in tumor cells interferes with IRF-1-mediated apoptosis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting SUMOylation Triggers IFN-β-dependent Activation of Patient and Allogenic NK Cells in Preclinical Models of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2026Article
- Targeting SUMOylation promotes cBAF complex stabilization and disruption of the SS18::SSX transcriptome in synovial sarcoma.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The multiple roles of interferon regulatory factor family in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Article
- Roles of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 in Tumor Progression and Regression: Two Sides of a Coin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The SUMOylation and ubiquitination crosstalk in cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Screening of organoids derived from patients with breast cancer implicates the repressor NCOR2 in cytotoxic stress response and antitumor immunity.Nature cancer · 2022Article
- Effects of the SUMO Ligase BCA2 on Metabolic Activity, Cell Proliferation, Cell Migration, Cell Cycle, and the Regulation of NF-κB and IRF1 in Different Breast Epithelial Cellular Contexts.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) and anti-pathogen innate immune responses.PLoS pathogens · 2021Review
- SUMO and SUMOylation Pathway at the Forefront of Host Immune Response.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- IRF-1 Inhibits Angiogenic Activity of HPV16 E6 Oncoprotein in Cervical Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- IκB kinase-ε-mediated phosphorylation triggers IRF-1 degradation in breast cancer cells.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Post-translational modification of Parkin and its research progress in cancer.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2019Review
- GSK3β-SCFFBXW7α mediated phosphorylation and ubiquitination of IRF1 are required for its transcription-dependent turnover.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Expression of interferon regulatory factors (IRF-1 and IRF-2) during radiation-induced damage and regeneration of bone marrow by transplantation in mouse.Molecular biology reports · 2019Article
- Interferon regulatory factor 1 inactivation in human cancer.Bioscience reports · 2018Review
- HIV-1 Tat Recruits HDM2 E3 Ligase To Target IRF-1 for Ubiquitination and Proteasomal Degradation.mBio · 2016Article
- RNF4-mediated SUMOylation is essential for NDRG2 suppression of lung adenocarcinoma.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- 5-Azacytidine modulates interferon regulatory factor 1 in macrophages to exert a cardioprotective effect.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- SUMOylation of RhoGDIα is required for its repression of cyclin D1 expression and anchorage-independent growth of cancer cells.Molecular oncology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SUMOylation of transcription factors often attenuates transcription activity. This regulation of protein activity allows more diversity in the control of gene expression. Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) was originally identified as a regulator of IFN-alpha/beta, and its expression is induced by viral infection or IFN stimulation. Accumulating evidence supports the theory that IRF-1 functions as a tumor suppressor and represses the transformed phenotype. Here we report that the level of SUMOylated IRF-1 is elevated in tumors. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments disclose that the SUMOylation sites of IRF-1 are identical to the major ubiquitination sites. Consequently, SUMOylated IRF-1 displays enhanced resistance to degradation. SUMOylation of IRF-1 attenuates its transcription activity, and SUMOylated IRF-1 inhibits apoptosis by repression of its transcriptional activity. These data support a mechanism whereby SUMOylation of IRF-1 inactivates its tumor suppressor function, which facilitates resistance to the immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.