Trial reportEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2009
Effect of vitamin supplementation on breast milk concentrations of retinol, carotenoids and tocopherols in HIV-infected Tanzanian women.
Trial report in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Nutritional supplements and mother's milk composition: a systematic review of interventional studies.International breastfeeding journal · 2021Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Retinol-to-Fat Ratio and Retinol Concentration in Human Milk Show Similar Time Trends and Associations with Maternal Factors at the Population Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Pooled it
- Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother-to-child HIV transmission.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Lutein supplementation increases breast milk and plasma lutein concentrations in lactating women and infant plasma concentrations but does not affect other carotenoids.The Journal of nutrition · 2014Trial
- Multivitamin supplementation improves haematologic status in children born to HIV-positive women in Tanzania.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2013Trial
- Effect of vitamin supplements on HIV shedding in breast milk.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2010Trial
- Vitamins as modulators of Deltaretrovirus infection: implications for HTLV-1 and bovine leukemia virus-associated diseases.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Prevalence of vitamin E inadequacy, dietary intake and sources of alpha-tocopherol, and predictors of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol status in adolescent girls in Central Mozambique.Journal of nutritional science · 2023Article
- Carotenoids and Vitamin A in Breastmilk of Hong Kong Lactating Mothers and Their Relationships with Maternal Diet.Nutrients · 2022Article
- A cohort study of vitamins contents in human milk from maternal-infant factors.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Vitamin A Requirements in Pregnancy and Lactation.Current developments in nutrition · 2020Review
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectiveThe effect of daily prenatal and postnatal vitamin supplementation on concentrations of breast milk nutrients is not well characterized in HIV-infected women. We examined the impact of vitamin supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on breast milk concentrations of retinol, carotenoids and tocopherols during the first year postpartum among 626 HIV-infected Tanzanian women. SUBJECTS/
methodsWe conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Women were assigned to one of four daily oral supplements: vitamin A+beta-carotene (VA+BC); multivitamins (MV; B, C and E); MV+VA+BC or placebo. Concentrations of breast milk nutrients were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography at birth and every 3 months thereafter.
resultsSupplementation with VA+BC increased concentrations of retinol, beta-carotene and alpha-carotene at delivery by 4799, 1791 and 84 nmol l(-1), respectively, compared to no VA+BC (all P<0.0001). MV supplementation did not increase concentrations of alpha-tocopherol or delta-tocopherol at delivery but significantly decreased concentrations of breast milk gamma-tocopherol and retinol. Although concentrations of all nutrients decreased significantly by 3 months postpartum, retinol, alpha-carotene and beta-carotene concentrations were significantly higher among those receiving VA+BC at 3, 6 and 12 months compared to no VA+BC. alpha-Tocopherol was significantly higher, while gamma-tocopherol concentrations were significantly lower, among women receiving MV compared to no MV at 3, 6 and 12 months postpartum.
conclusionsSustained supplementation of HIV-infected breastfeeding mothers with MV could be a safe and effective intervention to improve vitamin E concentrations in breast milk. VA+BC supplementation increases concentrations of breast milk retinol but it is not recommended in HIV-infected mothers due to the elevated risk of vertical transmission.
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