ReviewThyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association2007
Pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy: the role of autoantibodies.
Review in Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patterns of Teprotumumab-Induced Hearing Dysfunction: A Systematic Review.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Towards a consensus atlas of human and mouse adipose tissue at single-cell resolution.Nature metabolism · 2025Guideline
- Systematic review of ocular surface treatments in the setting of thyroid eye disease.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- Magnetic resonance imaging parameters on lacrimal gland in thyroid eye disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review of multimodal clinical biomarkers in the management of thyroid eye disease.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2022Pooled it
- MRI-based automated segmentation and multiparametric quantification for assessing orbital soft tissue involvement in thyroid eye disease.European radiology · 2026Article
- Unilateral proptosis as the manifestation of euthyroid Graves orbitopathy: A case report.Medicine · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of thyroid eye disease orbital fibroblasts identifies sorafenib as a novel therapeutic.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics of thyroid eye disease and expression profile of peripheral blood immune cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Integrative analysis identifies shared therapeutic pathways in thyroid eye disease and diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Epstein-Barr virus in thyroid disease: an integrated immunovirological perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Finding the Common Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Three Autoimmune Diseases and Exploring Their Bio-Function by Using a Reporter Assay.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Oxidative Stress: A Suitable Therapeutic Target for Optic Nerve Diseases?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Changes in Ocular Biomechanical Response Parameters and Intraocular Pressure After Surgical Treatment for Thyroid Eye Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- The Potential of Artemisinins as Novel Treatment for Thyroid Eye Disease by Inhibiting Adipogenesis in Orbital Fibroblasts.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Graves' disease complicated by concurrent thyroid eye disease and pretibial myxedema successfully treated with teprotumumab.Clinical case reports · 2022Article
- Mechanisms in Graves Eye Disease: Apoptosis as the End Point of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Inhibition.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2022Article
- Association of clinical course with thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin in Graves' ophthalmopathy in Mongolians.PloS one · 2022Article
- Research progress on the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy: Based on immunity, noncoding RNA and exosomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- RhoA with Associated TRAb or FT3 in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Graves' Ophthalmopathy.Disease markers · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The clinical manifestations of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) stem from a combination of increased orbital fat and extraocular muscle volume within the orbital space. Fibroblasts residing within orbital tissues are thought to be targets of autoimmune attack in the disease. Thyrotropin receptor (TSHr) mRNA and functional protein have been demonstrated in orbital fibroblasts from both normal individuals and GO patients, with higher levels present in the latter. Autoantibodies directed against TSHr or the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor have been implicated in GO pathogenesis. Evidence from our laboratory suggests that monoclonal TSHr autoantibodies (TRAbs) are potent stimulators of adipogenesis in GO orbital cells. Therefore, it is possible that circulating TRAbs in Graves' patients both stimulate overproduction of thyroid hormones and increase orbital adipose tissue volume. Antibodies to the IGF-1 receptor appear to impact GO pathogenesis through recruitment and activation of T-cells and stimulation of hyaluronan production, processes that play key roles in the development of inflammation and increased orbital tissue swelling. Although originally thought to represent another causative agent, antibodies to extraocular muscles are now generally thought to be secondary to extraocular muscle inflammation and damage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.