ArticleBrain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)2008
Glutamate receptor expression in multiple sclerosis lesions.
Article in Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ginkgo biloba does not improve cognitive function in MS: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.Neurology · 2012Trial
- Cerebrospinal fluid amino acid alterations are associated with oxidative stress and neuronal injury markers in multiple sclerosis.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
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- Solute carrier protein family: physiological functions, disease associations, and therapeutic potential in immune-related disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Oligoprotective Activity of Levetiracetam against Glutamate Toxicity: AnCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2025Article
- Observational
- Small-molecule targeting AMPA-mediated excitotoxicity has therapeutic effects in mouse models for multiple sclerosis.Science advances · 2023Article
- Article
- Synapse Dysfunctions in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Novel therapeutic for multiple sclerosis protects white matter function in EAE mouse model.Frontiers in molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Tamalin Function Is Required for the Survival of Neurons and Oligodendrocytes in the CNS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Abuse and dependence potential of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a review of literature and public data.Psychopharmacology · 2022Review
- Targeting N-type calcium channels in young-onset of some neurological diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Targeting the Type 5 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Neurodegenerative Diseases?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- RNA aptamers for AMPA receptors.Neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Article
- Pathophysiological Ionotropic Glutamate Signalling in Neuroinflammatory Disease as a Therapeutic Target.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- A Multi-Ligand Imaging Study Exploring GABAergic Receptor Expression and Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis.Molecular imaging and biology · 2020Article
- Alterations in white matter microstructure in individuals at persistent risk for psychosis.Molecular psychiatry · 2020Article
- Sodium-Calcium Exchangers of the SLC8 Family in Oligodendrocytes: Functional Properties in Health and Disease.Neurochemical research · 2020Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Blockade of receptors for the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate ameliorates neurological clinical signs in models of the CNS inflammatory demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS). To investigate whether glutamate excitoxicity may play a role in MS pathogenesis, the cellular localization of glutamate and its receptors, transporters and enzymes was examined. Expression of glutamate receptor (GluR) 1, a Ca(++)-permeable ionotropic AMPA receptor subunit, was up-regulated on oligodendrocytes in active MS lesion borders, but Ca(++)-impermeable AMPA GluR2 subunit levels were not increased. Reactive astrocytes in active plaques expressed AMPA GluR3 and metabotropic mGluR1, 2/3 and 5 receptors and the GLT-1 transporter, and a subpopulation was immunostained with glutamate antibodies. Activated microglia and macrophages were immunopositive for GluR2, GluR4 and NMDA receptor subunit 1. Kainate receptor GluR5-7 immunostaining showed endothelial cells and dystrophic axons. Astrocyte and macrophage populations expressed glutamate metabolizing enzymes and unexpectedly the EAAC1 transporter, which may play a role in glutamate uptake in lesions. Thus, reactive astrocytes in MS white matter lesions are equipped for a protective role in sequestering and metabolizing extracellular glutamate. However, they may be unable to maintain glutamate at levels low enough to protect oligodendrocytes rendered vulnerable to excitotoxic damage because of GluR1 up-regulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.