ArticleCancer research2007
Depletion of peripheral macrophages and brain microglia increases brain tumor titers of oncolytic viruses.
Article in Cancer research, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 102 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rejuvenating endogenous antitumor immunity via a chimeric receptor-engineered oncolytic virus targeting tumor-associated macrophages.Science advances · 2026Article
- Strategically engineering an oncolytic herpes simplex virus to improve systemic delivery.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- TAMs-mediated resistance to oncolytic virus M1 in solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Alphavirus replicons encoding IFN-γ enhance cancer virotherapy by overcoming macrophage-mediated suppression.iScience · 2025Article
- Understanding the interplay between oHSV and the host immune system: Implications for therapeutic oncolytic virus development.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Necroptosis-based glioblastoma prognostic subtypes: implications for TME remodeling and therapy response.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Non-secreting IL12 expressing oncolytic adenovirus Ad-TD-nsIL12 in recurrent high-grade glioma: a phase I trial.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Tutorial: design, production and testing of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy.Nature protocols · 2024Review
- Oncolytic virus and tumor-associated macrophage interactions in cancer immunotherapy.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Oncolytic Viral Therapy in Osteosarcoma.Viruses · 2024Review
- Improving the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses for cancer: targeting macrophages.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Cytokine Gene Vaccine Therapy for Treatment of a Brain Tumor.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Polio virotherapy targets the malignant glioma myeloid infiltrate with diffuse microglia activation engulfing the CNS.Neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- The Dilemma of HSV-1 Oncolytic Virus Delivery: The Method Choice and Hurdles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Interactions between microglia and glioma in tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Immunosuppressive cells in oncolytic virotherapy for glioma: challenges and solutions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Cutting both ways: the innate immune response to oncolytic virotherapy.Cancer gene therapy · 2022Review
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages/Microglia in Glioblastoma Oncolytic Virotherapy: A Double-Edged Sword.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Oncolytic Virotherapy in Peritoneal Metastasis Gastric Cancer: The Challenges and Achievements.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Chitinase-3-like 1 protein complexes modulate macrophage-mediated immune suppression in glioblastoma.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedRachamimov, Anat Stemmer [corrected to Stemmer-Rachamimov, Anat O]
Authors and funding
19 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical trials have proven oncolytic virotherapy to be safe but not effective. We have shown that oncolytic viruses (OV) injected into intracranial gliomas established in rodents are rapidly cleared, and this is associated with up-regulation of markers (CD68 and CD163) of cells of monocytic lineage (monocytes/microglia/macrophages). However, it is unclear whether these cells directly impede intratumoral persistence of OV through phagocytosis and whether they infiltrate the tumor from the blood or the brain parenchyma. To investigate this, we depleted phagocytes with clodronate liposomes (CL) in vivo through systemic delivery and ex vivo in brain slice models with gliomas. Interestingly, systemic CL depleted over 80% of peripheral CD163+ macrophages in animal spleen and peripheral blood, thereby decreasing intratumoral infiltration of these cells, but CD68+ cells were unchanged. Intratumoral viral titers increased 5-fold. In contrast, ex vivo CL depleted only CD68+ cells from brain slices, and intratumoral viral titers increased 10-fold. These data indicate that phagocytosis by both peripheral CD163+ and brain-resident CD68+ cells infiltrating tumor directly affects viral clearance from tumor. Thus, improved therapeutic efficacy may require modulation of these innate immune cells. In support of this new therapeutic paradigm, we observed intratumoral up-regulation of CD68+ and CD163+ cells following treatment with OV in a patient with glioblastoma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.