ArticleBMC biology2007
Broad genomic and transcriptional analysis reveals a highly derived genome in dinoflagellate mitochondria.
Article in BMC biology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Collectors, not hoarders: Complex gene structures in Amphidinium carterae revealed through nanopore sequencing.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Insights into the mitochondrial genome structure and phylogenetic placement of Theileria velifera in comparison to other apicomplexan parasites.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Genomes in Perkinsus Decode Conserved Frameshifts in All Genes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
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- A novel fragmented mitochondrial genome in the protist pathogenGenome research · 2021Article
- Comparison of 15 dinoflagellate genomes reveals extensive sequence and structural divergence in family Symbiodiniaceae and genus Symbiodinium.BMC biology · 2021Article
- Identification and phylogenetic analysis of RNA binding domain abundant in apicomplexans or RAP proteins.Microbial genomics · 2021Article
- The Elusive Mitochondrial Genomes of Apicomplexa: Where Are We Now?Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Abedinium Reveals a New Early-Branching Dinoflagellate Lineage.Genome biology and evolution · 2020Article
- Gene fragmentation and RNA editing without borders: eccentric mitochondrial genomes of diplonemids.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- Unexpected mitochondrial genome diversity revealed by targeted single-cell genomics of heterotrophic flagellated protists.Nature microbiology · 2020Article
- Article
- Distinctive Nuclear Features of Dinoflagellates with A Particular Focus on Histone and Histone-Replacement Proteins.Microorganisms · 2018Review
- Plastid Transcript Editing across Dinoflagellate Lineages Shows Lineage-Specific Application but Conserved Trends.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Article
- Keeping it complicated: Mitochondrial genome plasticity across diplonemids.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Intercompartmental Piecewise Gene Transfer.Genes · 2017Review
- Condition-specific RNA editing in the coral symbiont Symbiodinium microadriaticum.PLoS genetics · 2017Article
- Article
- Novel modes of RNA editing in mitochondria.Nucleic acids research · 2016Article
- The Large Mitochondrial Genome of Symbiodinium minutum Reveals Conserved Noncoding Sequences between Dinoflagellates and Apicomplexans.Genome biology and evolution · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDinoflagellates comprise an ecologically significant and diverse eukaryotic phylum that is sister to the phylum containing apicomplexan endoparasites. The mitochondrial genome of apicomplexans is uniquely reduced in gene content and size, encoding only three proteins and two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) within a highly compacted 6 kb DNA. Dinoflagellate mitochondrial genomes have been comparatively poorly studied: limited available data suggest some similarities with apicomplexan mitochondrial genomes but an even more radical type of genomic organization. Here, we investigate structure, content and expression of dinoflagellate mitochondrial genomes.
resultsFrom two dinoflagellates, Crypthecodinium cohnii and Karlodinium micrum, we generated over 42 kb of mitochondrial genomic data that indicate a reduced gene content paralleling that of mitochondrial genomes in apicomplexans, i.e., only three protein-encoding genes and at least eight conserved components of the highly fragmented large and small subunit rRNAs. Unlike in apicomplexans, dinoflagellate mitochondrial genes occur in multiple copies, often as gene fragments, and in numerous genomic contexts. Analysis of cDNAs suggests several novel aspects of dinoflagellate mitochondrial gene expression. Polycistronic transcripts were found, standard start codons are absent, and oligoadenylation occurs upstream of stop codons, resulting in the absence of termination codons. Transcripts of at least one gene, cox3, are apparently trans-spliced to generate full-length mRNAs. RNA substitutional editing, a process previously identified for mRNAs in dinoflagellate mitochondria, is also implicated in rRNA expression.
conclusionThe dinoflagellate mitochondrial genome shares the same gene complement and fragmentation of rRNA genes with its apicomplexan counterpart. However, it also exhibits several unique characteristics. Most notable are the expansion of gene copy numbers and their arrangements within the genome, RNA editing, loss of stop codons, and use of trans-splicing.
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