ArticleOphthalmic epidemiology
Visual and cognitive predictors of performance on brake reaction test: Salisbury eye evaluation driving study.
Article in Ophthalmic epidemiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of single caffeine intake on neuropsychological functions in healthy volunteers: A double-blind placebo-controlled study.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Multifactorial assessment of braking time predictors in a driving simulator among older adults according to gender.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- Sex differences in cognitive-motor components of braking in older adults.Experimental brain research · 2022Article
- Comparison of visual requirements and regulations for obtaining a driving license in different European countries and some open questions on their adequacy.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Review
- Influence of Vision on Drivers: A Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Cognitive and motor deficits contribute to longer braking time in stroke.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2021Article
- Are Your Eyes "on the Road"? Findings from the 2019 National Study on Vision and Driving Safety in Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Mandatory Physician Reporting of At-Risk Drivers: The Older Driver Example.The Gerontologist · 2018Article
- Older drivers and rapid deceleration events: Salisbury Eye Evaluation Driving Study.Accident; analysis and prevention · 2013Article
- Visual characteristics of elderly night drivers in the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Driving Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2012Article
- Urban and rural differences in older drivers' failure to stop at stop signs.Accident; analysis and prevention · 2009Article
- Poor sense of direction is associated with constricted driving space in older drivers.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2009Article
- Visual and cognitive deficits predict stopping or restricting driving: the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Driving Study (SEEDS).Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesConcern for driving safety has prompted research into understanding factors related to performance. Brake reaction speed (BRS), the speed with which persons react to a sudden change in driving conditions, is a measure of performance. Our aim is to determine the visual, cognitive, and physical factors predicting BRS in a population sample of 1425 older drivers.
methodsThe Maryland Department of Motor Vehicles roster of persons aged 67-87 and residing in Salisbury, MD, was used for recruitment of the study population. Procedures included the following: habitual, binocular visual acuity using ETDRS charts, contrast sensitivity using a Pelli-Robson chart, visual fields assessed with a 81-point screening Humphrey field at a single intensity threshold, and a questionnaire to ascertain medical conditions. Cognitive status was assessed using a standard battery of tests for attention, memory, visuo-spatial, and scanning. BRS was assessed using a computer-driven device that measured separately the initial reaction speed (IRS) (from light change to red until removing foot from accelerator) and physical response speed (PRS) (removing foot from accelerator to full brake depression). Five trial times were averaged, and time was converted to speed.
resultsThe median brake reaction time varied from 384 to 5688 milliseconds. Age, gender, and cognition predicted total BRS, a non-informative result as there are two distinct parts to the task. Once separated, decrease in IRS was associated with low scores on cognitive factors and missing points on the visual field. A decrease in PRS was associated with having three or more physical complaints related to legs and feet, and poorer vision search. Vision was not related to PRS.
conclusionWe have demonstrated the importance of segregating the speeds for the two tasks involved in brake reaction. Only the IRS depends on vision. Persons in good physical condition may perform poorly on brake reaction tests if their vision or cognition is compromised.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.