ArticleImmunity2007
Zebrafish peptidoglycan recognition proteins are bactericidal amidases essential for defense against bacterial infections.
Article in Immunity, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Peptidoglycan recognition protein PGRP-5 is involved in immune defence and neuro-behavioral disorders in zebrafish embryos.PloS one · 2025Article
- Navigating Fish Immunity: Focus on Mucosal Immunity and the Evolving Landscape of Mucosal Vaccines.Biology · 2024Review
- Article
- Immune functions of pattern recognition receptors in Lepidoptera.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Lipopolysaccharide detection by the innate immune system may be an uncommon defence strategy used in nature.Open biology · 2022Review
- Beneficial commensal bacteria promote Drosophila growth by downregulating the expression of peptidoglycan recognition proteins.iScience · 2022Article
- Estrogen Receptors Mediated Negative Effects of Estrogens and Xenoestrogens in Teleost Fishes-Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Commensal and Opportunistic Bacteria Present in the Microbiota in Atlantic Cod (Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Integrated analysis of mRNA and long non-coding RNA expression profiles reveals the potential roles of lncRNA-mRNA network in carp macrophage immune regulation.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2021Article
- The zebrafish as a model for gastrointestinal tract-microbe interactions.Cellular microbiology · 2020Review
- Receptors Mediating Host-Microbiota Communication in the Metaorganism: The Invertebrate Perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Dietary fatty acid source has little effect on the development of the immune system in the pyloric caeca of Atlantic salmon fry.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- A comparative transcriptome approach for identification of molecular changes in Aphanomyces invadans infected Channa striatus.Molecular biology reports · 2018Article
- Rearing Water Treatment Induces Microbial Selection Influencing the Microbiota and Pathogen Associated Transcripts of Cod (Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Functional characterization of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein from Chinese giant salamander (Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Alternative Pre-mRNA Splicing in Mammals and Teleost Fish: A Effective Strategy for the Regulation of Immune Responses Against Pathogen Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Structural insights into ligand binding of PGRP1 splice variants in Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) from molecular dynamics and free energy calculations.Journal of molecular modeling · 2017Article
- PGRP negatively regulates NOD-mediated cytokine production in rainbow trout liver cells.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Bacteria-type-specific biparental immune priming in the pipefishEcology and evolution · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are structurally conserved through evolution, but their functions in innate immunity are different in invertebrates and vertebrates. We asked what the functions of PGRPs in fish are and whether they are indispensable for defense against infection because fish are the first vertebrates that developed adaptive immunity, but they still rely solely on innate immunity during early development of embryos. We identified and cloned three zebrafish PGRPs and showed that they are highly expressed in eggs, developing embryos, and adult tissues that contact external environment. Zebrafish PGRPs have both peptidoglycan-lytic amidase activity and broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, which is a unique feature. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in the developing zebrafish embryo, one of these PGRPs is essential for defense and survival during bacterial infections. These data demonstrate an absolute requirement for innate immunity in defense against infections in fish embryos and for a PGRP protein for survival in vertebrates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.