ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2007
IL-21 is produced by Th17 cells and drives IL-17 production in a STAT3-dependent manner.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 329 papers.
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Who cites it
329 citing papers in PubMed, 628 citations in OpenAlex.
- SKI is critical to counter TGF-β signaling to promote T cell function and autoimmunity.Science advances · 2026Article
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- Tweaking the Complex Fibrogenic Role of Lymphocytes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Article
- DOCK8 and STAT3 cooperate to restrain IgE-inducing T follicular helper cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- CD4European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Exploring the Anti-Inflammatory Molecular Mechanism of Gentiana szechenyii Kanitz. Based on UPLC-MS/MS Combined With Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- IL-21 isoform transgenic mice spontaneously develop mammary tumors: possible involvement of IL-21-induced osteopontin expression in tumorigenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- How Cytokines Regulate Immune Response Toward Chronic Allograft Rejection?Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Factor Analysis-Based Quantitative Endotyping Improves Associations With CRS Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Outcomes.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2026Article
- Review
- Dysregulation of Treg/Th17 Balance and Intracellular Expression of IL-21 and IL-22 in the Pathogenesis of Gestational Hypertension.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Adoptively transferred Th17 cells cooperate with host B cells to achieve durable tumor immunity.Cancer cell · 2025Article
- Th17 cell pathogenicity in autoimmune disease.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Reduced T-Cell stemness underlies Th17 expansion and graft dysfunction in kidney transplant recipients.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Article
- Th17-related cytokines and chemokines are associated with immune dysregulation and severity in schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Machine learning unveils an immune-related DNA methylation profile in germline DNA from breast cancer patients.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- RORγt inverse agonist TF-S14 inhibits Th17 cytokines and prolongs skin allograft survival in sensitized mice.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Review
- The Immunology of Psoriasis-Current Concepts in Pathogenesis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2024Review
269 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CD4(+) helper T cells can differentiate into several possible fates including: Th1, Th2, T regulatory, and Th17 cells. Although, cytokine production by non-T cells is an important factor in helper T cell differentiation, a characteristic feature of both Th1 and Th2 lineages is their ability to secrete cytokines that promote their respective differentiation. However, cytokines produced by T cells that help to sustain Th17 cells have not yet been identified. Here we show that IL-21 is a product of Th17 cells, which is induced in a Stat3-dependent manner. Additionally, Stat3 can directly bind the Il21 promoter. IL-21 also induces IL-17 production and expression of the transcription factor, RORgammat. Furthermore, generation of Th17 cells in the conventional manner is attenuated by blocking IL-21. IL-21 is known to activate Stat3 and its ability to induce Th17 differentiation is abrogated in the absence of Stat3. These data argue that IL-21 serves as an autocrine factor secreted by Th17 cells that promotes or sustains Th17 lineage commitment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.