ArticleJournal of bacteriology2007
Structure and biological activities of beta toxin from Staphylococcus aureus.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The virulence toolkit of Staphylococcus aureus: a comprehensive review of toxin diversity, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Review
- A φSa3int (NM3) Prophage Domestication inMedComm · 2025Article
- Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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- Loratadine decreases virulence of methicillin-resistantbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
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- Virulence of Bacteria Causing Mastitis in Dairy Cows: A Literature Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Virulence factors of bovine mastitis pathogens: distribution, pathogenesis, and emerging vaccines targeting virulence factors: a literature review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- The pathogenicity and virulence of the opportunistic pathogenVirulence · 2024Review
- Trifunctional sphingomyelin derivatives enable nanoscale resolution of sphingomyelin turnover in physiological and infection processes via expansion microscopy.Nature communications · 2024Article
- β-Hemolysin, notmSphere · 2024Article
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- Beyond the double helix: the multifaceted landscape of extracellular DNA inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Beta toxin is a neutral sphingomyelinase secreted by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus. This virulence factor lyses erythrocytes in order to evade the host immune system as well as scavenge nutrients. The structure of beta toxin was determined at 2.4-A resolution using crystals that were merohedrally twinned. This structure is similar to that of the sphingomyelinases of Listeria ivanovii and Bacillus cereus. Beta toxin belongs to the DNase I folding superfamily; in addition to sphingomyelinases, the proteins most structurally related to beta toxin include human endonuclease HAP1, Escherichia coli endonuclease III, bovine pancreatic DNase I, and the endonuclease domain of TRAS1 from Bombyx mori. Our biological assays demonstrated for the first time that beta toxin kills proliferating human lymphocytes. Structure-directed active site mutations show that biological activities, including hemolysis and lymphotoxicity, are due to the sphingomyelinase activity of the enzyme.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.