ArticleBiophysical journal2008
Portal motor velocity and internal force resisting viral DNA packaging in bacteriophage phi29.
Article in Biophysical journal, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Something old, something new? Herpesvirus genome packaging examined in light of lessons from the tailed bacteriophages.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Dissecting the dsDNA viral packaging machinery: structural evolution and potential for therapeutics.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Dynamics of viral self-assembly, viral genome packaging, and virus-cell interactions studied by optical tweezers.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2026Review
- Methods for Studying Motor-Driven Viral DNA Packaging in Bacteriophages phi29, Lambda, and T4 via Single DNA Molecule Manipulation and Rapid Solution Exchange.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- DNA packaging by molecular motors: from bacteriophage to human chromosomes.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2024Review
- Cooperative control of a DNA origami force sensor.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Optical Tweezers to Study Viruses.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Viral Genomic DNA Packaging Machinery.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Insights into a viral motor: the structure of the HK97 packaging termination assembly.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- A DNA packaging motor inchworms along one strand allowing it to adapt to alternative double-helical structures.Nature communications · 2021Article
- The PLB measurement for the connector in Phi29 bacteriophage reveals the function of its channel loop.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Overstretching Double-Stranded RNA, Double-Stranded DNA, and RNA-DNA Duplexes.Biophysical journal · 2019Article
- Structural assembly of the tailed bacteriophage ϕ29.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Nucleotide-dependent DNA gripping and an end-clamp mechanism regulate the bacteriophage T4 viral packaging motor.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Controlled Mechanical Motions of Microparticles in Optical Tweezers.Micromachines · 2018Review
- Membrane Penetration by Bacterial Viruses.Journal of virology · 2017Review
- Experimental comparison of forces resisting viral DNA packaging and driving DNA ejection.Physical review. E · 2017Article
- Directional mechanical stability of Bacteriophage φ29 motor's 3WJ-pRNA: Extraordinary robustness along portal axis.Science advances · 2017Article
- Single-molecule measurements of viral ssRNA packaging.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2017Article
- Forces from the Portal Govern the Late-Stage DNA Transport in a Viral DNA Packaging Nanomotor.Biophysical journal · 2016Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
During the assembly of many viruses, a powerful molecular motor compacts the genome into a preassembled capsid. Here, we present measurements of viral DNA packaging in bacteriophage phi29 using an improved optical tweezers method that allows DNA translocation to be measured from initiation to completion. This method allowed us to study the previously uncharacterized early stages of packaging and facilitated more accurate measurement of the length of DNA packaged. We measured the motor velocity versus load at near-zero filling and developed a ramped DNA stretching technique that allowed us to measure the velocity versus capsid filling at near-zero load. These measurements reveal that the motor can generate significantly higher velocities and forces than detected previously. Toward the end of packaging, the internal force resisting DNA confinement rises steeply, consistent with the trend predicted by many theoretical models. However, the force rises to a higher magnitude, particularly during the early stages of packaging, than predicted by models that assume coaxial inverse spooling of the DNA. This finding suggests that the DNA is not arranged in that conformation during the early stages of packaging and indicates that internal force is available to drive complete genome ejection in vitro. The maximum force exceeds 100 pN, which is about one-half that predicted to rupture the capsid shell.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.