ArticleVirology2007
Modeling how many envelope glycoprotein trimers per virion participate in human immunodeficiency virus infectivity and its neutralization by antibody.
Article in Virology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- HIV envelope pseudotyped virus- an indispensable tool in HIV research.Virus research · 2026Review
- Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Article
- The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein: structure, function and interactions with neutralizing antibodies.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Broadly neutralizing antibodies for HIV prevention: a comprehensive review and future perspectives.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Glycan heterogeneity as a cause of the persistent fraction in HIV-1 neutralization.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Quantitative characterization of membrane-protein reversible association using FCS.Biophysical journal · 2023Article
- Conformational antigenic heterogeneity as a cause of the persistent fraction in HIV-1 neutralization.Retrovirology · 2023Article
- Conformational antigenic heterogeneity as a cause of the persistent fraction in HIV-1 neutralization.Research square · 2023Article
- Reappraising the Value of HIV-1 Vaccine Correlates of Protection Analyses.Journal of virology · 2022Review
- Nucleic acid-based therapy for coronavirus disease 2019.Heliyon · 2020Review
- A biophysical perspective on receptor-mediated virus entry with a focus on HIV.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2020Review
- An Evidence Based Perspective on mRNA-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Development.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2020Review
- Env Exceptionalism: Why Are HIV-1 Env Glycoproteins Atypical Immunogens?Cell host & microbe · 2020Review
- Neutralization Breadth and Potency of Single-Chain Variable Fragments Derived from Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Multiple Epitopes on the HIV-1 Envelope.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Harnessing Avidity: Quantifying the Entropic and Energetic Effects of Linker Length and Rigidity for Multivalent Binding of Antibodies to HIV-1.Cell systems · 2019Article
- Closing and Opening Holes in the Glycan Shield of HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein SOSIP Trimers Can Redirect the Neutralizing Antibody Response to the Newly Unmasked Epitopes.Journal of virology · 2019Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Trimers of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) effectuate viral entry into susceptible cells. Therefore Env trimers are the targets for neutralizing antibodies. This study models the number of trimers required for virion infectivity. It also delineates the minimum number of antibody molecules that would neutralize a virion. First, Env function was assumed to be incremental (all envelope glycoprotein units contribute equally) or liminal (characterized by thresholds). Then, such models were combined and shown to fit published data on phenotypically mixed pseudotype viruses. Virions with 9 trimers would require around a median of 5 of them for strong infectivity; the proportion varies among strains and mutants. In addition, the models account for both liminal and incremental protomeric effects at the trimer level: different inert Env mutants may affect trimer function in different degrees. Because of compensatory effects at the virion and trimer levels, however, current data cannot differentiate between all plausible models. But the biophysically and mathematically rationalized blurring of thresholds yields candidate models that fit different data excellently.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.