ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2007
Synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 agonist enhances vaccine efficacy in an experimental model of toxic shock syndrome.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adjuvant activity of a small molecule TLR4 agonist discovered via structure-based virtual screening.Communications biology · 2025Article
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- Methicillin-resistantCurrent pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- SPA14 liposomes combining saponin with fully synthetic TLR4 agonist provide adjuvanticity to hCMV vaccine candidate.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Targeting of TLR4 for Inflammation, Infection, and Cancer: A Perspective for Disaccharide Lipid A Mimetics.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- E6020, a TLR4 Agonist Adjuvant, Enhances Both Antibody Titers and Isotype Switching in Response to Immunization with Hapten-Protein Antigens and Is Diminished in Mice with TLR4 Signaling Insufficiency.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
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- Rational Vaccine Design in Times of Emerging Diseases: The Critical Choices of Immunological Correlates of Protection, Vaccine Antigen and Immunomodulation.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Immunopharmacotherapeutic advancements in addressing methamphetamine abuse.RSC chemical biology · 2021Review
- Combinatorial liposomal peptide vaccine induces IgA and confers protection against influenza virus and bacterial super-infection.Clinical & translational immunology · 2021Article
- Dissociation of TRIF bias and adjuvanticity.Vaccine · 2020Article
- Increasing the Chemical Variety of Small-Molecule-Based TLR4 Modulators: An Overview.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Psychopharmacology: neuroimmune signaling in psychiatric disease-developing vaccines against abused drugs using toll-like receptor agonists.Psychopharmacology · 2019Review
- A therapeutic vaccine prototype induces protective immunity and reduces cardiac fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Pathogen-mimicking vaccine delivery system designed with a bioactive polymer (inulin acetate) for robust humoral and cellular immune responses.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2017Article
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- Phosphate substitution in an AlOOH - TLR4 adjuvant system (SPA08) modulates the immunogenicity of Serovar E MOMP from Chlamydia trachomatis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Article
- Toll-like receptors: the swiss army knife of immunity and vaccine development.Clinical & translational immunology · 2016Review
- A Novel Class of Small Molecule Agonists with Preference for Human over Mouse TLR4 Activation.PloS one · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The development of new protein subunit vaccines has stimulated the search for improved adjuvants to replace traditional aluminum-containing products. We investigated the adjuvant effects of a synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist on vaccine efficacy in an experimental model of toxic shock syndrome. The TLR4 agonist E6020 has a simplified structure consisting of a hexa-acylated acyclic backbone. The vaccine examined is a recombinantly attenuated form of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (STEBVax). Using cells stably transfected with TLRs, E6020 transduced signals only through TLR4, suggesting monospecificity, while Escherichia coli 055:B5 lipopolysaccharide activated both the TLR2/6 heterodimer and TLR4. Coadministration of E6020 with STEBVax, by the intramuscular or intranasal route, induced significant levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in BALB/c mice. Further, increased IgG production resulted from the combination of E6020 with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant (AH). The antibody response to the vaccine coadministered with E6020 was a mixed Th1/Th2 response, as opposed to the Th2-biased response obtained with AH. Mice vaccinated with STEBVax coadministered with AH, TLR4 agonists, or a combination of both adjuvants were protected from toxic shock. Our data demonstrate the effectiveness of the synthetic TLR4 agonist E6020 as an alternative adjuvant for protein subunit vaccines that may also be used in combination with traditional aluminum-containing adjuvants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.