Evidence map›Paper›PMID 17701403›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2007

Long-term changes in management following n-of-1 trials of stimulants in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

C Jane Nikles, Geoffrey K Mitchell, Chris B Del Mar, Norma McNairn, Alexandra Clavarino

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Using N-of-1 trials to improve patient management and save costs.Journal of general internal medicine · 2010
    Trial
  6. Article
  7. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

C Jane NiklesSchool of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia. uqjnikle@uq.edu.au
Geoffrey K Mitchell
Chris B Del Mar
Norma McNairn
Alexandra Clavarino
University of Queensland · AUBond University · AUServices Australia · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveOur objective was to evaluate the long-term impact of n-of-1 trials-within-patient randomised, double-blind, cross-over comparisons of stimulant versus placebo or stimulant-on ADHD management.

methodsTelephone surveys at 3, 6 and 12 months. Main outcome measures included (1) changes in treatment before and after the n-of-1 trial, (2) congruence of management at follow-up with trial result, (3) reasons for any non-congruence, and (4) persistence of the joint patient-doctor decision over 12 months. Patients were children with clinically diagnosed ADHD, aged 5-16 years.

resultsA total of 76 patients were followed up; 12 months' data were available for 67 (88%). Management changed from baseline for 46, 48 and 51% at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively. Most responders, 21/37 (57%), remained on the same stimulant at 12 months, compared to 9/24 (37%) non-responders. Of the remaining non-responders, 15/24 (62%) either switched (2/24, 8%) or ceased stimulants (13/24, 54%). The rate of congruence with the test result was 45/65 (69%) at 3 months, 44/67 (66%) at 6 months and 40/67 (60%) at 12 months. Persistence with the post-trial decision over 12 months was high (79-85%) whether the decision was to continue or to cease stimulants.

conclusionsAlthough not conclusive because there was no control group, our results suggest that n-of-1 trials may improve rational treatment of ADHD.

Indexed as

Research DesignAdolescentAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCentral Nervous System StimulantsChildChild, PreschoolCross-Over StudiesDextroamphetamineDouble-Blind MethodFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMethylphenidateTreatment OutcomeCentral Nervous System StimulantsDextroamphetamineMethylphenidate

Identifiers

PMID17701403
OpenAlexW1994234849

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.